Journal of palliative medicine
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Background: Growing evidence suggests that pediatric palliative care (PPC) teams influence the care received by children and young adults with chronic, life-limiting illnesses. Little is known about how PPC involvement affects advance care planning (ACP) and circumstances of death in pediatric populations with a wide range of diagnoses. Objective: To determine the relationship between PPC involvement, ACP, and circumstances of death for pediatric patients. Design: A retrospective chart review of 558 pediatric patients who died between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2016 was conducted. ⋯ After adjusting for covariates in the model, patients with PPC were more likely to have their GOC documented (odds ratio [OR] = 96.93), completion of POLST (OR = 24.06), do-not-resuscitate code status (OR = 7.71), and hospice involvement at the time of death (OR = 11.70) compared with those who did not receive PPC. Conclusions: Pediatric patients are more likely to have ACP addressed if they have PPC involvement. Patients with chronic complex conditions are most likely to receive palliative care.
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Observational Study
Experiences with Prescribing Large Quantities of Systemic Anticancer Therapy Near Death.
Background: The most important decision after diagnosing terminal cancer is whether to provide active therapy or withhold treatment. Objective: To analyze the aggressiveness of care by evaluating systemic anticancer therapy (SACT) given near to death, describing this care and identifying factors that determine its use. Design: This involves retrospective observational cohorts study. Setting/Subjects: This involves patients with metastatic tumors who died at a University Hospital in Spain between 2015 and 2016. Measurements: Data obtained from prescribing oncologists and patients' clinical records, type of cancer, and information on treatment. The dependent variable used was the interval between the date of the last dose and date of death. Results: Ninety-four (32.60%) of 288 patients received SACT in the last month of life. This cohort had a higher frequency of lung cancer (OR: 1.58; CI 95%: 1.14-2.18), received more care from oncologist 2 (OR: 1.50; CI 95%: 1.08-2.08), had fewer last-line treatment cycles (OR: 1.28; CI 95%: 1.13-1.45), a lower subjective response (OR: 3.13; CI 95%: 1.34-7.29), less clinical benefit (OR: 2.38; CI 95%: 1.04-5.55), more visits to the Emergency Department (OR: 1.59; CI 95%: 1.06-2.38), and less care from the Palliative Care Unit (OR: 4.55; CI 95%: 2.69-7.70). In multivariate analysis, the predictors of having received SACT close to death remained: receiving fewer cycles of treatment (OR: 1.28; CI 95%: 1.12-1.47) and less palliative care (OR: 4.54; CI 95%: 2.56-7.69). Conclusions: A third of cancer patients received SACT in the last month of life with less efficacy and poorer quality of care than patients not receiving it.
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Background: The Patient Dignity Question (PDQ) is a single question, which directly asks the patient, "What should I know about you as a person to help me take the best care of you that I can?" Research has demonstrated that the PDQ enhances quality health care within an inpatient palliative care setting; however, no research to date has examined the PDQ in an outpatient setting, particularly a psycho-oncology setting. Objective: The PDQ was administered as part of routine clinical care in an outpatient psycho-oncology clinic to enhance patient-centered care. Methods: Individuals diagnosed with cancer (n = 66) were referred for individual psychotherapy primarily for anxiety and/or depression. After gathering a thorough patient history during the initial psychology consult, patients were asked the PDQ as it was worded without further prompting. Patient responses were then qualitatively analyzed to measure the most common themes. Results: The themes expressed by patients in response to the PDQ included Who I Am (59.7%), which referenced individual characteristics and core personality traits, What My Cancer Journey Has Been (21.7%) described how patients' lives have been impacted since receiving a cancer diagnosis, and What I Want to Achieve (18.4%) in which patients described what goals they wanted to achieve in their lives (both general and specific to psychotherapy). Conclusions: Data from this small pilot study show promise that this brief assessment tool can be readily added to a psychological intake assessment and patients appreciated being asked about their personhood. Incorporating the PDQ into standard psychological care allows patients to be "seen" and helps us to acknowledge the person in the patient.
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Comparative Study
Associations between Predeath and Postdeath Grief in Family Caregivers in Palliative Home Care.
Background: Family caregivers in palliative care may be placed in a complicated emotional situation wherein they suffer the risk of grief reactions both pre- and postbereavement and may also experience symptoms of anxiety and depression. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate (1) associations between predeath grief and postdeath grief and (2) whether these are moderated by symptoms of anxiety and depression. Design: This was a prospective correlational study. Linear regression analysis in three blocks was used to investigate associations between pre- and postdeath grief and moderation effects of anxiety and depression. Postdeath grief was used as the outcome variable and predeath grief was used as the explanatory variable in block I. ⋯ Significant associations were found between predeath grief and postdeath grief and this association remained when controlled against symptoms of anxiety or depression. We found no moderation effect of anxiety or depression on the association between pre- and postdeath grief. Conclusions: In conclusion, grief before and after an expected death can be regarded as parts of the same grief process. Hence, knowing the intensity of predeath grief could be a way to predict the levels of postdeath grief.
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Background: The C-reactive protein/albumin (CRP/Alb) ratio has been reported as a prognostic factor of survival for patients with a variety of cancers. However, its prognostic impact for advanced cancer patients receiving palliative care remains presently unknown. Objective: The present study assessed the prognostic value of the CRP/Alb ratio, and compared this with that of the Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) and Palliative Prognostic Index (PPI) in a cohort of advanced cancer patients receiving palliative therapy. Methods: The medical records of 262 eligible patients who died of advanced cancer from February 1, 2013 to December 30, 2017 in the palliative care unit of the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center were retrospectively reviewed for the analysis. Results: The present results revealed that a CRP/Alb ratio ≥1.31 (hazard ratio [HR], 2.33 [1.78-3.05], p < 0.001) can predict poor prognosis through univariate analysis. ⋯ Notably, the combination of multiple prognostic indexes exerted higher discriminatory ability, compared with any single predictive index (c-statistics, 0.69 [0.66-0.73], p < 0.001). Conclusions: The present study suggests that the CRP/Alb ratio is a promising prognostic factor in predicting cancer patient survival in palliative care settings. Incorporating both objective parameters and the subjective index may improve the prediction accuracy of prognosis.