Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Nicotine delivery and subjective effects of Swedish portion snus compared with 4 mg nicotine polacrilex chewing gum.
Snus availability has been claimed to have contributed to the low rates of smoking among Swedish men and made possible the transfer to a less harmful form of nicotine dependence. ⋯ Swedish snus produced higher maximum blood nicotine concentration in shorter time and with a quicker onset of "head rush" compared with 4 mg NP chewing gum in spite of a smaller extracted dose. The quicker onset of "head rush" and supposedly higher satisfaction from snus may partly explain the widespread use of snus for stopping smoking in Sweden.
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Although nicotine addiction is thought to be the primary driver of tobacco smoking, few studies have examined nicotine dependence among Chinese mainland smokers. ⋯ Cigarette smoking is highly prevalent among Chinese males but rare among Chinese females. Occasional smoking is also common among males. Only 3.3% of occasional male smokers appear dependent by FTND criteria. Dependence varies by smoking history and demographics. These findings have implications for design and implementation of smoking cessation interventions.