Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
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Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. · May 1999
Influence of arteriovenous sampling on remifentanil pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
Remifentanil is a new, short-acting, rapidly metabolized opioid. Because remifentanil is metabolized in blood and tissues by nonspecific esterases, there is a substantial difference between arterial and venous remifentanil concentrations. This difference may greatly affect the estimation of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters. ⋯ If this study had been conducted with venous samples alone, inappropriate conclusions such as acute tolerance could have been inferred. When designing studies to measure the acute time course (ie, non-steady state) of concentration and effect, the potential effects of sampling site on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics must be carefully considered, particularly when the arteriovenous drug concentration difference is large.
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Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. · May 1999
Impact of genetic polymorphisms of the beta2-adrenergic receptor on albuterol bronchodilator pharmacodynamics.
To determine whether genetic polymorphisms of the beta2-adrenergic receptor gene affect the relationship between albuterol (INN, salbutamol) plasma concentrations and the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) in subjects with moderate asthma. ⋯ The beta2-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphism is a major determinant of bronchodilator response to albuterol. Future pharmacodynamic studies of beta2-agonists should include determination of 02-adrenergic receptor genotype.
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Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. · May 1999
Clinical TrialClinical pharmacokinetics of encapsulated oral 9-aminocamptothecin in plasma and saliva.
To study the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the novel topoisomerase I inhibitor and antitumor agent 9-amino-20(S)-camptothecin in patients with solid tumors after repeated oral administration. ⋯ Our data indicate that the large interindividual pharmacodynamic variability in response to 9-aminocamptothecin is caused mainly by a variability in kinetic characteristics, suggesting that a kinetic-dynamic guided study design is warranted in future clinical investigations.