Oncotarget
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Due to conflicting evidence regarding first-line therapies for chronic post-surgical pain (CPSP), here we comparatively evaluated the efficacy and safety of first-line therapies for the prevention of CPSP. ⋯ Nefopam and mexiletine may be considered as first-line therapies for the prevention of CPSP. On account of the paucity of evidence available on nefopam and mexiletine, gabapentin and ketamine may also be considered. Venlafaxine is not recommended for the prevention of CPSP.