Diseases of the colon and rectum
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Comparative Study
Inhibitory effects of gastrointestinal electrical stimulation on rectal tone are both organ-specific and distance-related in dogs.
A phenomenon of cross-talk has been noted that electrical stimulation of one part of the gut affects another part of the gut. This study was designed to investigate whether the effect of electrical stimulation of one part of the gut on another part of the gut was related to the organ or the distance between the stimulation site and the affected organ, and the mechanism of ileum electrical stimulation on rectal tone. ⋯ Electrical stimulation of the stomach, intestine, or colon with long pulses has an inhibitory effect on rectal tone. This inhibitory effect is organ-specific as well as associated with the distance between stimulation site and affected organs. The inhibitory effect of ileum electrical stimulation on rectal tone is mediated by the nitrergic but not sympathetic pathway.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Tumor pathology and long-term survival in emergency colorectal cancer.
Patients who have an emergency operation for colorectal cancer have poorer long-term survival outcomes compared with elective patients. This study was designed to define the role of tumor pathology as a basis for the differences in survival outcomes. ⋯ Advanced tumor pathology is a basis for poor long-term survival in emergency colorectal cancers.
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Although laparoscopic colorectal surgery may permit early recovery and discharge from hospital, short lengths of stay are not routinely achieved. This is partly because accelerated recovery programs with early discharge are associated with high readmission and complication rates, especially after open colorectal surgery. ⋯ Readmission and complication rates are low in patients discharged on Days 1, 2, or 3 after laparoscopic colectomy when using standardized postoperative care protocols and standardized discharge criteria.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Topical metronidazole can reduce pain after surgery and pain on defecation in postoperative hemorrhoidectomy.
Topical metronidazole (10 percent) has been previously demonstrated to decrease postoperative pain after hemorrhoidectomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of topical metronidazole (10 percent) in reducing postoperative and after-defecation pain of hemorrhoidectomy. ⋯ These finding indicate that topical 10 percent metronidazole significantly reduce posthemorrhoidectomy discomfort, and postoperative defecation pain is reduced compared with that of the placebo control group.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
The impact of splenectomy on outcome after resection for colorectal cancer: a multicenter, nested, paired cohort study.
This study was designed to determine whether incidental splenectomy for iatrogenic injury affects long-term cancer-specific survival in patients having resection of an adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid or rectum. ⋯ Patients with colorectal cancer who had splenectomy as a result of iatrogenic damage of the spleen while undergoing resection of the sigmoid or rectum for adenocarcinoma had a significantly worse prognosis.