Fertility and sterility
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Fertility and sterility · Jun 1984
Comparative StudySex hormone profiles in oligomenorrheic adolescent girls and the effect of oral contraceptives.
The hormonal profiles and the effect of oral contraceptives (OCs) on 16 oligomenorrheic and 10 regularly menstruating adolescent girls were studied. Testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, prolactin, and sex-hormone-binding globulin were determined on blood samples obtained during a control cycle, during OC treatment, and during the follow-up cycle after discontinuation of OC use. The oligomenorrheic girls had significantly higher concentrations of androstenedione and total and free testosterone than regularly menstruating girls during the control cycle. ⋯ For 2 to 4 weeks after treatment the oligomenorrheic girls had significantly lower levels of androstenedione, total and free testosterone, and luteinizing hormone than before treatment. In the control group there were no significant differences between pretreatment and posttreatment hormone concentrations. The risks and benefits of prescribing OCs for oligomenorrheic adolescent girls are discussed.
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Fertility and sterility · Dec 1983
Clinical TrialA prospective multicentre trial of the ovulation method of natural family planning. III. Characteristics of the menstrual cycle and of the fertile phase.
Seven hundred twenty-five women of proven fertility recorded the presence of cervical mucus at the vulva in 7514 menstrual cycles. The mean cycle length of the 6472 "normal" cycles was 28.5 days (standard deviation +/- 3.18). ⋯ Its mean length was 9.6 (+/- 2.6) days. The probability of pregnancy was maximal on the peak day and declined on the days before and after the peak.
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Fertility and sterility · Jul 1983
Comparison of Doppler examination and retrograde spermatic venography in the diagnosis of varicocele.
The accuracy of the Doppler stethoscope is compared with that of retrograde spermatic venography in the diagnosis of varicocele in 39 subfertile men. In the 38 cases in which left-sided venography was successful, there was a good correlation between the radiographic and Doppler results in 33 cases (87%). The five failures were all false-negative results in patients without clinically diagnosed varicoceles. ⋯ This low sensitivity on the right side appears to be a minor drawback, because right-sided reflux almost always occurs in conjunction with left-sided reflux, and therefore varicocele would be diagnosed in these patients despite the false-negative Doppler finding. Unlike venography, the Doppler study is noninvasive, inexpensive, and easy to perform. We conclude that it should be part of all studies of varicocele and infertility and that it may prove sufficiently accurate for use in controlled studies of the effectiveness of varicocelectomy and the role of subclinical varicocele in the pathogenesis of infertility.
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Fertility and sterility · Mar 1983
Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialMode of action of dl-norgestrel and ethinylestradiol combination in postcoital contraception. II. Effect of postovulatory administration on ovarian function and endometrium.
A combination of 1.0 mg dl-norgestrel and 0.1 mg ethinylestradiol (EE) was administered orally at 36 hours after the detection of the luteinizing hormone peak and again at 48 hours in 12 healthy volunteers with normal menstrual cycles. The effects on ovarian function were studied by comparing the daily serum levels of progesterone (P), 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, and estradiol (E2) in control (placebo) and treatment cycles. Five subjects showed no significant change in the levels of these steroids but had a shortened luteal phase. ⋯ The remaining two subjects had lower P levels and fluctuating E2 patterns. Endometrial biopsies from both study cycles indicated asynchronous development of the epithelial and stromal components in the treatment cycle. These findings (abnormal luteal phase steroid levels and duration and outphased endometrial development) indicate that corpus luteum function was variously affected by the action of norgestrel-EE treatment.