Fertility and sterility
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Fertility and sterility · Dec 1981
Pelvic peritoneal defects and endometriosis: Allen-Masters syndrome revisited.
The peritoneum covering the pelvic viscera is usually smooth and glistening. Defects in the pelvic peritoneum are usually presumed to be acquired. Allen and Masters described such a clinical syndrome, the anatomic cornerstone of which was laceration(s) of uterine supports with resultant defect(s) in the broad and/or uterosacral ligaments. ⋯ Sixty-eight percent had associated endometriosis. It is suggested that pelvic peritoneal defects may be causally related to endometriosis, the disease either attacking presumably previously altered peritoneal surfaces or causing peritoneal scarring, duplication, and reduplication secondary to the cyclic insults of the ectopic endometrium and thereby producing the appearance of traumatic lacerations. Further, it is suggested that when such defects are noted at laparoscopy, the presence of other associated pathologic abnormalities, including endometriosis, should be investigated.
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Fertility and sterility · Nov 1981
A prospective multicentre trial of the ovulation method of natural family planning. II. The effectiveness phase.
A five-country prospective study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of the ovulation method of natural family planning. After successful completion of a teaching phase of three cycles, 725 subjects entered a 13-cycle effectiveness phase and contributed 7514 cycles of observation. The overall cumulative net probability of discontinuation for the effectiveness study after 13 cycles was 35.6%, 19.6% due to pregnancy. Pregnancy rates per 100 woman-years calculated using the modified Pearl index were as follows: conscious departure from the rules of the method, 15.4; inaccurate application of instructions, 3.5; method failure, 2.8; inadequate teaching, 0.4; and uncertain, 0.5.
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Fertility and sterility · Aug 1981
Clinical TrialA prospective multicentre trial of the ovulation method of natural family planning. I. The teaching phase.
The percentage of 869 women in five countries capable of being taught to recognize the periovulatory cervical mucus symptom of the fertile period was determined in a prospective multicentre trial of the ovulation method of natural family planning. The women were ovulating, of proven fertility, represented a spectrum of cultures and socioeconomic levels, and ranged from illiteracy to having postgraduate education. In the first of three standard teaching cycles, 93% recorded on interpretable ovulatory mucus pattern. ⋯ Forty-five subjects (5%) became pregnant during the average 3.1-cycle teaching phase. The average number of days of abstinence required by the rules of the method was 17 in the third teaching cycle (58.2% of the average cycle length). To what extent the findings of this study can be extended to other couples remains to be demonstrated.
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Fertility and sterility · Oct 1979
A simple and sensitive nonradioactive method for the detection of urinary human chorionic gonadotropin and diagnosis of early human pregnancy. I. Multiple-unit test.
A simple, sensitive, and reproducible method for the detection of urinary human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and diagnosis of early human pregnancy is reported. A 5-ml aliquot of filtered early-morning urine sample was concentrated in a microconcentrator (M) to 0.1 ml of retentate which was diluted with 0.4 ml of distilled water and tested in a hemagglutination inhibition test (M-HIT). Also, a 0.1-ml aliquot of filtered unconcentrated urine sample was diluted with 0.4 ml of distilled water and tested in the same hemagglutination inhibition test (HIT). ⋯ Urine samples from subjects with severe proteinuria gave false-positive types of reactions in the M-HIT. Positive results were obtained in the MOB with a number of urine samples from pregnant, perimenopausal, and menopausal women. A properly conducted M-HIT should be very valuable in diagnosing pregnancy as early as the 26th day of the cycle in regularly menstruating women.
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Fertility and sterility · Mar 1979
Is the low fertility rate after vasovasostomy caused by nerve resection during vasectomy?
Cross-sections of human spermatic cords and vasectomy specimens were prepared and the number and cross-sectional area of nerves were determined. On average, about one-half of all nerves in the near neighborhood of the vas deferens were resected during vasectomy. The total cross-sectional area of the nerves along the vasectomy specimens amounted to about one-half of the total area in the spermatic cord samples. The data support the hypothesis that removing nerves to the vas deferens during vasectomy could result in poor functional results after vasovasostomy, i.e., that powerful contraction of the proximal vas deferens and epididymis could be lacking.