Curr Ther Res Clin E
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Curr Ther Res Clin E · Oct 2010
Antiemetic effects of midazolam added to fentanyl-ropivacaine patient-controlled epidural analgesia after subtotal gastrectomy: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.
Nausea and vomiting are frequent adverse effects of patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) with opioids. ⋯ Midazolam added to fentanyl-ropivacaine PCEA was associated with a significant reduction in the incidence of PONV compared with fentanyl-ropivacaine alone, and a significant decrease in the amount of PCEA administered without a significant increase in adverse events in these patients who underwent subtotal gastrectomy.
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Curr Ther Res Clin E · Oct 2010
Comparison of the effects of ketamine or lidocaine on fentanyl-induced cough in patients undergoing surgery: A prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.
Fentanyl-induced cough is common but has not been viewed as a serious anesthetic problem. However, the cough may be explosive at times, may require immediate intervention, and may be associated with undesirable increases in intracranial, intraocular, and intra-abdominal pressures. Prevention of fentanylinduced cough in such situations is of paramount importance. Ketamine, at concentrations achieved with standard clinical doses, has a direct relaxant effect on airway smooth muscle. ⋯ Intravenous ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) significantly reduced the reflex cough induced by fentanyl compared with lidocaine and placebo, and was well tolerated.