Curr Ther Res Clin E
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Curr Ther Res Clin E · Jan 2004
Pharmacokinetic properties and tolerability of single-dose terbutaline in patients with severe asthma treated in the pediatric intensive care unit.
Asthmatic children requiring treatment in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) receive aggressive drug therapy that may include IV administration of β 2-receptor agonists to prevent progression to life-threatening respiratory failure. The only pharmacologic agent in this class currently available for parenteral use in the United States is terbutaline. Study of IV dosing of terbutaline in the pediatric population has been limited. ⋯ Single-dose IV terbutaline was well tolerated in this study. In maximally treated asthmatic patients in the PICU, terbutaline elimination may be more rapid than in nonacutely ill children. These PK data suggest that if the drug is to be administered intravenously, the continuous IV infusion method, including loading doses for any subsequent dose escalations, may be the most appropriate. The influence of age and safety of long-term, continuous terbutaline IV infusion requires further study.
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Curr Ther Res Clin E · Nov 2003
Treatment of diaphragmatic fatigue with inhaled aminophylline therapy in an experimental canine model: an open-label, dose-ranging, pharmacologic study.
Diaphragmatic fatigue may contribute to the development of respiratory failure. Although aminophylline administered IV has been widely used to treat diaphragmatic fatigue, to date it has not been used in aerosol formulation for this purpose. ⋯ Inhaled aminophylline significantly improved contractility of fatigued diaphragm in a dose-related manner in this experimental canine model (P<0.05). Its potent effect may be caused by transmembrane calcium movement.
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Curr Ther Res Clin E · Sep 2003
A randomized, double-blind comparison of granisetron alone and combined with dexamethasone for post-laparoscopic cholecystectomy emetic symptoms.
Granisetron hydrochloride, a selective serotonin receptor antagonist, has been used to treat established postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Dexamethasone has been shown to reduce the incidence of chemotherapy-induced emesis when added to an antiemetic regimen. ⋯ In this study population of patients experiencing post-cholecystectomy emesis, the combination of granisetron plus dexamethasone was more efficacious than granisetron alone for the treatment of PONV. Tolerability between the 2 treatments was similar.
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Curr Ther Res Clin E · Sep 2003
Intravenous lysine clonixinate for the acute treatment of severe migraine attacks: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.
Several nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been shown to be effective in the treatment of migraine. However, few commercially available NSAIDs can be administered IV. Lysine clonixinate (LC), an NSAID derived from nicotinic acid, has been proved effective in various algesic syndromes (eg, renal colic, muscular pain, nerve compression, odontalgia). The oral formulation of LC has been shown to be effective in the treatment of migraine of moderate severity. ⋯ NSAIDs administered by the IV route cannot be used routinely in an outpatient environment, although an attempt to improve drugs in this class is clearly justified. This study demonstrated that IV LC was effective and well tolerated in the treatment of severe migraine attacks. This finding differs from results with the oral formulation, which is effective only in migraine of moderate severity.
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Curr Ther Res Clin E · Sep 2003
Treatment of complex regional pain syndrome type 1 in a pediatric patient using the lidocaine patch 5%: a case report.
Successful treatment of complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS-1) requires a coordinated, multidisciplinary approach. Physical rehabilitation is an important component of long-term treatment. Unfortunately, patients with significant allodynia or hyperalgesia characteristic of CRPS-1 often have difficulty progressing through a physical therapy (PT) regimen. In most adults with CRPS-1, the treatment of choice is PO opioids. ⋯ This case report of a child with CRPS-1 showed that therapy with lidocaine patch 5% may be efficacious in treating children with pain resulting from CRPS-1, thereby increasing the success of PT.