Cancer
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Role of surgical outcome as prognostic factor in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer: a combined exploratory analysis of 3 prospectively randomized phase 3 multicenter trials: by the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynaekologische Onkologie Studiengruppe Ovarialkarzinom (AGO-OVAR) and the Groupe d'Investigateurs Nationaux Pour les Etudes des Cancers de l'Ovaire (GINECO).
Primary surgery followed by platinum-taxane based chemotherapy has been the standard therapy in advanced ovarian cancer. However, the prognostic role of complete and so-called optimal and suboptimal debulking and its interaction with biological factors has not been not fully defined. ⋯ The goal of primary surgery should be complete resection. The prognostic impact of tumor biology seemed to be partially overruled by residual tumor and further evaluation of biologic factors should stratify for residual tumor.
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The current study was conducted to evaluate the outcome of carbon ion radiotherapy (RT) in children and young adults with skull base chordomas and chondrosarcomas. ⋯ Despite its promising outcome in children and young adults with chordomas and chondrosarcomas, further evaluation in a larger patient collective is required. Randomized studies comparing the outcome after carbon ion RT with proton RT are especially needed to evaluate the role of particle beams in the treatment of skull base tumors in children and young adults.
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the relation between the kinetics of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) decline after the initiation of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) and overall survival (OS) in men with metastatic, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC). ⋯ To the authors' knowledge, this was the first report to demonstrate that a faster time to reach a PSA nadir after the initiation of ADT was associated with shorter survival duration in men with metastatic HSPC. These results need confirmation but may indicate that a rapid initial response to ADT indicates more aggressive disease.
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This study assessed the impact of surgical, histopathologic and patient-related factors on the risks of local and distant recurrence and overall survival for patients with stages I through IIIA nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) undergoing definitive resection with or without adjuvant chemotherapy. ⋯ Local recurrence was the predominant type of failure in this series. Patient with diabetes or LVI may benefit from close surveillance and aggressive therapy of asymptomatic local recurrences, especially when chemotherapy is given in addition to surgery.
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Data from large prospective studies are needed to fully characterize the impact of exogenous hormones on breast cancer incidence by type of hormone preparation and histology of the cancer. ⋯ Use of E + P is more detrimental to the breast than E-only use, in terms of both ductal and lobular cancer. The findings from the current study suggest a window of 2 to 3 years for the risks of E + P both to become apparent after initial use and to attenuate after cessation.