Cancer
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Comparative Study
Quality of end-of-life care in patients with hematologic malignancies: a retrospective cohort study.
To the authors' knowledge, only limited data are available regarding the quality of end-of-life care for patients with hematologic malignancies. In this retrospective cohort study, the quality of end-of-life care was compared between patients with hematologic malignancies and those with solid tumors. ⋯ The results of the current study indicate that patients with hematologic malignancies received more aggressive care at the end of life.
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Breakpoint cluster region-Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 (BCR-ABL1) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) improve the outcome of patients with childhood Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) when they are incorporated into postremission induction chemotherapy. To date, no data are available on the impact of TKIs on minimal residual disease (MRD) at the end of induction therapy among patients who have a poor early response to 2 weeks of induction therapy that does not include TKIs. ⋯ TKIs administered in the early phases of therapy can dramatically reduce MRD and improve the outcome of childhood Ph-positive ALL.
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Clinical Trial
High control rate in patients with chondrosarcoma of the skull base after carbon ion therapy: first report of long-term results.
The current study was performed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of irradiation with carbon ions using raster scanning as well as prognostic factors in patients with skull base chondrosarcomas. ⋯ Carbon ion therapy is a safe and effective treatment in patients with chondrosarcoma of the skull base. For further evaluation, a prospective randomized phase 3 trial comparing protons versus carbon ions has been recruiting patients with low-grade and intermediate-grade chondrosarcoma of the skull base since 2009.
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Integration of mutational profiling to identify driver genetic alterations in a clinical setting is necessary to facilitate personalized lung cancer medicine. A tumor genotyping panel was developed and the Shizuoka Lung Cancer Mutation Study was initiated as a prospective tumor genotyping study. This study reports the frequency of driver genetic alterations in Japanese lung adenocarcinoma patients, and clinicopathologic correlations with each genotype. ⋯ This is one of the largest reports of a prospective tumor genotyping study on Japanese patients with adenocarcinoma. These data suggest that mutational profiling data using a multimutational testing platform would be valuable for expanding the range of molecular-targeted therapeutics in lung cancer.
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Few studies have examined the relationship of lifestyle factors with mortality among patients with colorectal cancer. ⋯ Healthier lifestyle before cancer diagnosis was associated with improved overall survival after diagnosis with colorectal cancer.