Cancer
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Metastatic melanoma carries a poor prognosis, with a median survival of 7-9 months. Surgical resection of metastatic disease has been advocated to improve survival. Immunotherapy after metastasectomy may further improve the outcome for high-risk resected disease. ⋯ In selected patients with AJCC Stage IV melanoma, resection of metastatic disease followed by vaccine therapy can result in long-term survival.
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The objective of this study was to assess the cosmesis and toxicities in patients with early-stage breast carcinoma who received treatment with accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) using interstitial brachytherapy. ⋯ APBI with interstitial brachytherapy resulted in mild chronic toxicities, the majority of which diminished or reached a plateau over time. Long-term cosmesis was good to excellent in 95-99% of patients and stabilized at 2 years.
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To the authors' knowledge there is little information available regarding the effectiveness of standard antiemetic therapy among cancer patients who receive emetogenic chemotherapy in clinical practice, especially in the pediatric population. The current study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of standard antiemetic interventions among children receiving emetogenic chemotherapy. ⋯ Nausea and emesis remain significant problems among children who receive emetogenic chemotherapy. CP rates were associated significantly with patient age, and higher rates were observed among very young children.
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Multicenter Study
Pathologic findings from the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium: population-based outcomes in women undergoing biopsy after screening mammography.
To the authors' knowledge, a comprehensive analysis of pathology outcomes after screening mammography, as it is practiced clinically in the U.S. general population, has not been performed. ⋯ Pathologically negative lymph nodes were more prevalent in this mammographically screened population than in the overall SEER population. The prevalence of invasive carcinoma, DCIS, and benign findings presented herein establish a range of expected biopsy outcomes for women after screening mammography in the general U.S. population.
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Combined modality therapy has become the standard of care for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, yet the combined ototoxic effects of radiation and cisplatin are poorly understood. The incidence and severity of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) with combined modality therapy was evaluated and the dose-response relation between radiation and hearing loss was investigated. ⋯ There was a significant increase in risk of SNHL among patients receiving > 48 Gy, suggesting a threshold in cochlear radiation dose-response in the setting of combined modality therapy. This dose should serve as a Dmean constraint maximum for intensity-modulated radiotherapy treatment of nasopharynx carcinoma.