Asian Pac J Cancer P
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Asian Pac J Cancer P · Jan 2006
Review Comparative StudyOverview of existing networks--is there a rationale for an Asian Cancer Registry Network?
Cancer registration is the base for our understanding of the burden of neoplastic disease in our populations at the local level. Comparability of data is essential for interpretation and this in turn depends on standardization of methodology and diagnostic and other criteria applied. ⋯ The present commentary focuses on the contributions made by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the International Association of Cancer Registries (IACR), the European Network of Cancer Registries (ENCR), the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries (NAACCR) and individual country-based or region-based associations already active in Asia. An argument is presented here that there is a rationale for an Asian Network of Cancer Registries, working alongside and learning from the existing international organizations to promote effective cancer registration and disease prevention in Asia.
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Asian Pac J Cancer P · Jan 2006
Comparative StudyChewing of betel, areca and tobacco: perceptions and knowledge regarding their role in head and neck cancers in an urban squatter settlement in Pakistan.
The link of betel, areca and chewable tobacco with head and neck cancers is clearly established. Fifty eight percent of the global head and neck cancers occur in South and Southeast Asia, where chewing of betel, areca and tobacco are common. This study was carried out to establish the pattern of use of Paan, Chaalia, Gutka, Niswar, Tumbaku and Naas among population of squatter settlement of Karachi and to determine the perceptions and knowledge regarding their role in the etiology of head and neck cancers. ⋯ In conclusion, prevalence of chewing of betel, areca and tobacco among adults and adolescents is high. Deficiency in knowledge and wrong perception of favorable effect of chewing products is common. Besides curtailing the availability of chewing products, correct knowledge regarding its ill-effects should be inculcated among population to decrease the burden of head and neck cancers.
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Asian Pac J Cancer P · Jan 2006
Comparative StudyA pilot study on inducement of smoking cessation by a simple 5A (asking, advice, assess, assist, and arrange) approach at outpatient clinics.
Asking smokers about their smoking status, followed by advice to quit smoking, assessing the intention to quit, assistance with cessation, and arrange of follow-up (5A) is recommended for induction of smoking cessation. To obtain preliminary data on effects of "5A" , we investigated the smoking cessation rate with two modes in the phase I: 1) self-administered questionnaire and 2) doctor's interview at respiratory disease clinics of three general hospitals in Japan, and another mode in phase II: 3) doctor's interview with an additional pamphlet at one of the three hospitals. The interviews for smokers were conducted by doctors in charge of treatment. ⋯ No significant difference in the cessation rate was observed between phase I and phase II (5.8% vs. 8.0%). In conclusion, there were no differences among the three modes of "5A", but 7.7% of the 571 outpatients visiting respiratory divisions quit smoking with this simple "5A". The findings may indicate that this simple practice at clinics is useful for smoking cessation strategy, although randomized trials are now required.
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Asian Pac J Cancer P · Jan 2006
Comparative StudyChanges in incidence of in situ and invasive breast cancer by histology type following mammography screening.
To investigate secular trends and correlates of incidence of breast cancer by histology type following the introduction of population-based mammography screening. ⋯ The larger secular increases in incidence for in situ than invasive cancers would reflect the dominant role of mammography in the detection of ductal carcinoma in situ. The lack of an increase for lobular in situ lesions may have resulted from their poorer radiological visibility. The greater percentage increase for lobular than ductal invasive lesions may have been due to an increase in imaging sensitivity for these lesions, plus real increases in incidence. The smaller sizes of invasive cancers found in women with a prior in situ diagnosis may have resulted from more intensive medical surveillance, although the possibility of biological differences cannot be discounted.
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Asian Pac J Cancer P · Jan 2006
Comparative StudyTrends of head and neck cancers in urban and rural India.
The sub-site predilection of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) reflects the risk profile of a community and there are suggestions that these are changing over time. ⋯ Overall, incidence of HNSCC is reducing. This may be attributed to the decreased prevalence of tobacco use. The increase in incidence of tongue cancer may suggest factors other than tobacco and alcohol in its genesis.