Asian Pac J Cancer P
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Asian Pac J Cancer P · Jan 2006
Comparative StudyA pilot study on inducement of smoking cessation by a simple 5A (asking, advice, assess, assist, and arrange) approach at outpatient clinics.
Asking smokers about their smoking status, followed by advice to quit smoking, assessing the intention to quit, assistance with cessation, and arrange of follow-up (5A) is recommended for induction of smoking cessation. To obtain preliminary data on effects of "5A" , we investigated the smoking cessation rate with two modes in the phase I: 1) self-administered questionnaire and 2) doctor's interview at respiratory disease clinics of three general hospitals in Japan, and another mode in phase II: 3) doctor's interview with an additional pamphlet at one of the three hospitals. The interviews for smokers were conducted by doctors in charge of treatment. ⋯ No significant difference in the cessation rate was observed between phase I and phase II (5.8% vs. 8.0%). In conclusion, there were no differences among the three modes of "5A", but 7.7% of the 571 outpatients visiting respiratory divisions quit smoking with this simple "5A". The findings may indicate that this simple practice at clinics is useful for smoking cessation strategy, although randomized trials are now required.
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Asian Pac J Cancer P · Jan 2006
Comparative StudyChanges in incidence of in situ and invasive breast cancer by histology type following mammography screening.
To investigate secular trends and correlates of incidence of breast cancer by histology type following the introduction of population-based mammography screening. ⋯ The larger secular increases in incidence for in situ than invasive cancers would reflect the dominant role of mammography in the detection of ductal carcinoma in situ. The lack of an increase for lobular in situ lesions may have resulted from their poorer radiological visibility. The greater percentage increase for lobular than ductal invasive lesions may have been due to an increase in imaging sensitivity for these lesions, plus real increases in incidence. The smaller sizes of invasive cancers found in women with a prior in situ diagnosis may have resulted from more intensive medical surveillance, although the possibility of biological differences cannot be discounted.
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Asian Pac J Cancer P · Jan 2006
Comparative StudyTrends of head and neck cancers in urban and rural India.
The sub-site predilection of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) reflects the risk profile of a community and there are suggestions that these are changing over time. ⋯ Overall, incidence of HNSCC is reducing. This may be attributed to the decreased prevalence of tobacco use. The increase in incidence of tongue cancer may suggest factors other than tobacco and alcohol in its genesis.
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Asian Pac J Cancer P · Oct 2005
A low fat diet rich in fruits and vegetables may reduce the risk of developing prostate cancer.
Diet has been implicated in prostate cancer risk and there is evidence of risk reduction with a healthy diet. The objective of this population-based case control study was to examine whether a low fat diet rich in fruits and vegetables can reduce the risk of developing prostate cancer in Mumbai, India. ⋯ The findings from this study support the hypothesis that a low fat diet rich in fruits and vegetables may reduce the risk of prostate cancer.
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Asian Pac J Cancer P · Oct 2004
A pilot study on genotype announcement to induce smoking cessation by Japanese smokers.
Genotype announcements related to susceptibility to hazardous effects of smoking may be effective to induce smoking cessation. ⋯ The present pilot study without controls indicated that the effects of genotype announcements in this framework on smoking cessation were less than might have been expected. The temporary effect of the session on younger smokers may have been due to the participation per se. The potential effects of genotype announcements for heavy smokers should now be examined in studies with adequate controls.