Clin Cancer Res
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
A randomized phase II and pharmacokinetic study of the antisense oligonucleotides ISIS 3521 and ISIS 5132 in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer.
Protein kinase C (PKC)-alpha and Raf-1 are important elements of proliferative signal transduction pathways in both normal and malignant cells. Abrogation of either Raf-1 or PKC-alpha function can both inhibit cellular proliferation and induce apoptosis in several experimental cancer models including prostate cancer cell lines. ISIS 3521 and ISIS 5132 are antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotides that inhibit PKC-alpha and Raf-1 expression, respectively, and induce a broad spectrum of antiproliferative and antitumor effects in several human tumor cell lines. In Phase I evaluation both ISIS 3521 and ISIS 5132 could be safely administered on 21-day i.v. infusion schedules and demonstrated preliminary evidence of antitumor activity. On the basis of these findings, a randomized Phase II study of ISIS 3521 and ISIS 5132 was performed in two comparable cohorts of patients who had chemotherapy-naïve, hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC). ⋯ The antisense oligonucleotides ISIS 3521 and ISIS 5132, at these doses and on this schedule, do not possess clinically significant single-agent antitumor activity in HRPC. Protracted stable disease in some patients may indicate a cytostatic effect. Additional work is required to define the optimal role of PKC-alpha or Raf-1 inhibition in the treatment of HRPC.
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Clinical Trial
Phase I trial of the cryptophycin analogue LY355703 administered as an intravenous infusion on a day 1 and 8 schedule every 21 days.
The cryptophycin analogue LY355703 is a potent inhibitor of microtubule polymerization that displays in vitro and in vivo activity in cell lines and tumor xenografts displaying the multidrug-resistant phenotype. In a Phase I trial, 25 patients received LY355703 as a 2-h i.v. infusion on day 1 and day 8 repeated every 3 weeks. Doses were escalated from 0.1 to 2.22 mg/m2 using a modified continual reassessment method. ⋯ A patient with non-small cell lung cancer previously treated with taxanes experienced a partial response lasting 4 months, and five patients had stable disease lasting > or =3 months. LY355703 at a dose of 1.5 mg/m2 is recommended for Phase II evaluation on a days 1 and 8 schedule. Twice-weekly dosing did not allow improvement in dose intensity or tolerability.
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Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which is produced by tumor cells, is a potent endothelial cell mitogen. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the response of orthotopic prostate cancer xenografts and prostate cancer bone metastasis to anti-VEGF receptor (flk-1) antibody (DC101) treatment. ⋯ This study confirms the principle of tumor growth inhibition by targeting angiogenesis within tumors and supports the use of anti-VEGF receptor agents.