Clin Cancer Res
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Previously, we have shown that p27 may be a potential predictive biomarker for the selection of premenopausal women with early-stage hormone-responsive breast cancer for adjuvant endocrine therapy. The purpose of the present study was to assess the clinical relevance of p27 expression in postmenopausal hormone receptor-positive breast cancer patients who were treated with adjuvant tamoxifen therapy. ⋯ Low p27 expression independently predicts early relapse and death in postmenopausal women with early-stage, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer who received adjuvant tamoxifen for 5 years.
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Cancer patients are often concurrently treated with analgesics and antineoplastic drugs, yet the influence of analgesic agents on therapeutic activity of antineoplastic drugs is largely unexplored. This study investigates the effects of three commonly used analgesics, which produce analgesia by different mechanisms, on cytotoxicity induced by cisplatin, a widely used antitumor agent, and the relation between those effects and modulation of gap junction function by the analgesics. ⋯ The results suggest that the density dependence of cisplatin toxicity is mediated by gap junctions. They further indicate that tramadol and flurbiprofen depress cisplatin cytotoxicity through inhibition of gap junction activity, and more generally, that agents that depress junctional communication can counteract the effects of antitumor agents.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II study comparing the tolerability and efficacy of ipilimumab administered with or without prophylactic budesonide in patients with unresectable stage III or IV melanoma.
Diarrhea (with or without colitis) is an immune-related adverse event (irAE) associated with ipilimumab. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, multinational phase II trial was conducted to determine whether prophylactic budesonide (Entocort EC), a nonabsorbed oral steroid, reduced the rate of grade >or=2 diarrhea in ipilimumab-treated patients with advanced melanoma. ⋯ Ipilimumab shows activity in advanced melanoma, with encouraging survival and manageable adverse events. Budesonide should not be used prophylactically for grade >or=2 diarrhea associated with ipilimumab therapy.