Aviat Space Envir Md
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Although studies have been published regarding airline in-flight medical emergencies, there is a lack of any specific studies about in-flight psychiatric emergencies. This study seeks to ascertain the incidence of in-flight psychiatric emergencies, their associated factors, and outcomes. ⋯ This study suggests that an anxiolytic agent with a rapid onset may be indicated for the on-board medical kit.
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The airline pilot works within a complex exposure environment that may present physiological challenges to long-term health. ⋯ Further study has been initiated to verify and follow reported cases, to expand the study to a larger group, and to collect more in-depth information on flight histories, occupational exposures, and lifestyle factors.
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Aviat Space Envir Md · Jul 2001
ReviewU.S. Army MEDEVAC in the new millennium: a medical perspective.
The U. S. ⋯ These proposed changes are discussed in detail, from the perspective of current emergency medicine and aviation medicine standards of practice. If instituted, these changes would facilitate the emergence of a true air medical transport capability comparable with the civilian community standard.
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Aviat Space Envir Md · Jul 2001
Comparative StudyThe influence of ethnicity on thermosensitivity during cold water immersion.
This investigation evaluated the influence of ethnicity, Caucasian (CAU) vs. African American (AA), on thermosensitivity and metabolic heat production (HP) during cold water immersion (20 degrees C) in 15 CAU (22.7 +/- 2.7 yr) vs. 7 AA (21.7 +/- 2.7 yr) males. ⋯ These data suggest, despite a differential response in Tes between AA and CAU groups, the beta of HP during cold water immersion is similar between CAU and AA. Therefore, these data demonstrate that when faced with a cold challenge, there is a similar response in HP between CAU and AA that is accompanied by a differential response in Tes.
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Aviat Space Envir Md · Jun 2001
The effect of exposure to 35,000 ft on incidence of altitude decompression sickness.
Exposure to 35,000 ft without preoxygenation (breathing 100% oxygen prior to decompression) can result in severe decompression sickness (DCS). Exercise while decompressed increases the incidence and severity of symptoms. Clarification of the level of activity vs. time to symptom onset is needed to refine recommendations for current operations requiring 35,000-ft exposures. Currently, the U.S. Air Force limits these operations to 30 min following 75 min of preoxygenation. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of exercise intensity on DCS incidence and severity at 35,000 ft. ⋯ The results showed that current guidelines for 35,000-ft exposures keep DCS risk below 10% at rest. Exercise, even at mild levels, greatly increases the incidence and rate of onset of DCS.