Aviat Space Envir Md
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Aviat Space Envir Md · Nov 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialCognition at altitude: impairment in executive and memory processes under hypoxic conditions.
The negative effect of hypoxia on cognitive function has been well described. However, less has been published regarding cognitive dysfunction resulting from hypoxia produced by exposure to different altitudes. ⋯ The results of this study suggest that electronic versions of these tests may be useful in screening for acute symptoms of hypoxia and could provide insight into how discrete cognitive processes become impaired with oxygen deprivation at various altitudes. Given that these tests also assess neuropsychological functioning, our results allow for inferences to be made about the effects of hypoxia on human brain functioning.
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Aviat Space Envir Md · Aug 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialWorking memory impairment in pilots exposed to acute hypobaric hypoxia.
During an acute hypoxia exposure, impairment of memory is one of the most frequently reported symptoms, either during hypoxia awareness training of aircrews or after an in-flight hypoxic incident. However, the effects of acute hypoxia on memory have been little studied in laboratory-controlled conditions. Moreover, none of these studies were performed in hypobaric conditions. The main aim of our study was to investigate the effects of acute hypobaric hypoxia on working memory (WM). This study also aimed to find links between physiological measurements and cognitive performance during acute hypoxia exposure. ⋯ WM is impaired by acute hypobaric hypoxia. Given the importance of WM in aircraft piloting and its sensitivity to hypoxia, the PASAT, in association with SpO2 and EEG recordings, could improve both hypoxia training and our understanding of the effects of hypoxia on memory.
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Aviat Space Envir Md · Jul 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialEscape from a submersible vehicle simulator wearing different thermoprotective flotation clothing.
Winter road workers, who drive heavy vehicles on ice-covered waterways, are at risk for ice failure and subsequent drowning in frigid water. Some workers who are recommended to wear thermoprotective flotation clothing are concerned that buoyancy or bulk may impede underwater exit. ⋯ Results suggest that, compared to Control clothing, flotation Jackets and Overalls do not increase exit time or impede exit during egress from a submerged vehicle while providing thermoprotection and buoyancy in 20 degrees C and 8 degrees C water. The Inflated Vest created the most perceived exit impedance in comparison to Control.
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Aviat Space Envir Md · Aug 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialInfluence of posture on the regulation of cerebral perfusion.
Posture has a major influence on cerebral blood flow (CBF). Unlike head-up tilt (HUT), less is known about how CBF is regulated during head-down tilt (HDT). We hypothesized that CBF would be elevated during HDT and decreased during HUT. ⋯ Despite marked changes in perfusion pressure with HUT or HDT, our findings indicate that cerebral perfusion is well maintained during acute severe changes in posture.
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Aviat Space Envir Md · Feb 2011
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyRespiratory function in hoist rescue: comparing slings, stretcher, and rescue basket.
Some types of equipment used in helicopter hoist rescue have the potential to cause respiratory embarrassment due to chest compression and/or body positioning. This study compared the respiratory effects of four commonly used devices. ⋯ The RB was not associated with any change in measured outcomes. Other methods tested, especially SSling, have detrimental effects on respiratory function.