J Sport Med Phys Fit
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J Sport Med Phys Fit · Mar 2008
Functional anatomy of trunk flexion-extension in isokinetic exercise: muscle activity in standing and seated positions.
This study examined the functional differences existing in the trunk flexion-extension movement in standing and seated positions during isokinetic exercises, as well as the influence of position on overload of the lumbar column. ⋯ The seated position allowed made it possible to limit the involvement of the hip muscles, particularly the iliopsoas during flexion, whereas there was little contribution to the trunk extension from hip extensor muscles. In addition, trunk extensors/flexors ratio showed values variable with velocity in standing position. Therefore, if the participation of accessory muscles is avoided, the seated position allows us to more accurately assess these two groups of antagonist muscles, whose balanced ratio is essential in the prevention of spine pathologies. The seated position has also been found to be more suitable in order to limit functional overload of the lumbar column.
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J Sport Med Phys Fit · Jun 2007
Menstrual cycle stage and oral contraceptive effects on anterior tibial displacement in collegiate female athletes.
The aim of this study was to establish if differences in anterior tibial displacement exists in collegiate female student-athletes at different stages of the menstrual cycle. ⋯ The results of this study suggest that: 1) the menstrual cycle does have an influence on laxity of the anterior displacement of the knee; 2) significant increases in anterior displacement are shown during the ovulation and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle; and 3) birth control subjects tend to have increased laxity when compared to those subjects who are not on hormone therapy.
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The aim of this study was to describe the anatomy correlated to the normal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images of the proximal thigh region and the ischial tuberosity. ⋯ Both MRI images and cadaver dissections showed the ischial tuberosity as an interesting intersection area that could be delimited as follows: on the dorsal border the gluteus maximus and its bursa, on the dorso-medial side the hamstring muscle origin, and on the antero-lateral side the quadratus femoris muscle with its inconstant bursa and the ischial tuberosity. These anatomical and MRI descriptions are very useful to give a contribution to the right explanation of sciatic symptoms caused by those sports specifically overloading the hamstring muscles. Frequently, in fact, in these athletes a sciatic syndrome arise drawing the physician's attention to the lumbosacral joint or to the sciatic nerve course near the piriformis muscle. Another very important site where the sciatic symptoms can rise, indeed, could also be found in the hamstring muscle region, where the nerve run under the gluteus maximus beside the ischiatic bone. Athletes who manifest notorious muscle overload in this anatomical region usually show sciatic pain symptoms that are not to be related with pathologies of the lumbosacral junction nor to relationships of the sciatic nerve with the piriformis muscle but rather to relationships that this nerve acquires with either gluteal muscles as well as with muscles of the underneath ischiatic region.
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J Sport Med Phys Fit · Sep 2005
Comparative StudyEffect of arm cranking on oxygenation of vastus lateralis and lateral gastrocnemius muscles during leg cycling.
The purpose of this study was to compare the changes in oxygenation in exercising vastus lateralis muscle (VL) and lateral gastrocnemius muscle (LG) when arm cranking is added to on-going leg cycling. ⋯ The results suggest that HbD shows different changes in exercising leg muscles due to the difference in its activity level when arm cranking is added to on-going leg cycling.
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J Sport Med Phys Fit · Dec 2004
Case ReportsWeight lifting and type II aortic dissection. A case report.
The case of a 28-year-old previously healthy male with a 13-year history of weight lifting is described. The patient presented to the emergency department complaining of severe anterior chest pain beginning during a workout. Following transthoracic echocardiogram and computerized tomogram the diagnosis of an ascending aortic dissection was made. ⋯ Histopathologic examination of the aorta showed cystic medial degeneration. This is the first reported case of a type II aortic dissection secondary to cystic medial degeneration and the hemodynamic stresses of weight lifting. Physicians should be aware of this potentially catastrophic entity in weight lifters.