J Sport Sci Med
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The aim of the present study was to cross-culturally adapt and validate the Spanish version of the Performance Enhancement Attitude Scale (PEAS). A cross-sectional multi-sample survey with 17 independent datasets was carried out. Cross-cultural adaptation of the PEAS into Spanish was conducted through forward/backward translations, consensus panels and comparative analyses of known-groups to establish evidence for its reliability and validity. ⋯ Users scored higher than non-users indicating a satisfactory construct validity. Significant positive correlation was found between PEAS and projected use. Significant negative correlation between PEAS and self-esteem and self-efficacy.
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Few studies have examined physical activity and inactivity levels in an urban South African setting across 12 years of formal schooling. This information is important for implementing strategies to curb increasing trends of physical inactivity and related negative consequences, especially in low to middle income countries facing multiple challenges on overburdened health care systems. We examined levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour cross-sectionally over 12 school years from childhood to adolescence in Black, White and Indian boys and girls. ⋯ Key pointsRegardless of race, inactivity levels are related to body mass. In an ethnically diverse urban group of South African school children, there exists an age related decline in physical activity and increase in time spent in front of a screen. Ethnic and gender disparities exist in physical activity and sedentary activity levels and this may echo a mix of biological and cultural reasons.