American journal of veterinary research
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Controlled Clinical Trial
Pharmacokinetics of the opioid antagonist N-methylnaltrexone and evaluation of its effects on gastrointestinal tract function in horses treated or not treated with morphine.
To determine the pharmacokinetics and effects of the morphine antagonist N-methylnaltrexone (MNTX) on gastrointestinal tract function in horses when administered alone and in combination with morphine. ⋯ Because MNTX does not cross the blood-brain barrier, administration of the drug should not alter the analgesic effects of opioids and may attenuate the adverse gastrointestinal effects associated with use of opioids in horses.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Evaluation of isoflurane and sevoflurane vaporizers over a wide range of oxygen flow rates.
To examine the accuracy and precision of isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthetic vaporizers. ⋯ A possible explanation for the inaccuracy of the isoflurane vaporizer may be that it was manufactured to be accurate with air but not oxygen, which must be accounted for when using the vaporizer with oxygen, especially with nonrebreathing systems. The sevoflurane vaporizer may not deliver accurate agent concentrations at high flow and high dial settings. Both vaporizers are suitable for clinical use with a wide range of oxygen flow rates if these precautions are properly addressed.