American journal of veterinary research
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of isoflurane with and without dexmedetomidine or remifentanil on heart rate variability before and after nociceptive stimulation at different multiples of minimum alveolar concentration in dogs.
To evaluate the influence of 3 anesthetic protocols and multiples of minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) on heart rate variability (HRV) with and without nociceptive stimulation in dogs. ⋯ On the basis of SDNN and high-frequency power values, anesthetic levels between 0.75 and 1.5 MAC within the same anesthetic protocol could be differentiated, but with a large overlap among protocols. Usefulness of standard HRV variables for assessment of anesthetic depth and nociception in dogs is questionable.