American journal of veterinary research
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To determine reliability of noninvasive methods of arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2), end-tidal CO2 concentration (PEtCO2), and blood pressure (BP) determination during periods of hypoxemia and systemic arterial BP perturbations. ⋯ The pulse oximeters tested provided an accurate estimation of SaO2 at SpO2 > 70%. A PEtCO2 value > 55 mm of Hg may represent hypercapnia that is more profound than indicated. Systolic BP determinations were most accurate during hypotensive states and least accurate during hypertension. Diastolic BP measurements were generally more accurate during hypertension than normotension. Accuracy is not appreciably affected by hypotension resulting from vasodilation or blood loss. The tendency to underestimate systemic arterial BP should not interfere with trend detection during unstable clinical conditions.
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To determine and compare cardiorespiratory and recovery effects of sevoflurane, isoflurane, and halothane in horses. ⋯ Sevoflurane induced cardiorespiratory effects that were comparable to those of isoflurane and halothane. Cardiac output was greater and respiratory rate was less than that for halothane at 1.5 MAC. Sevoflurane anesthesia was characterized by good control of anesthesia depth during induction, maintenance, and recovery. Recovery time after sevoflurane anesthesia was comparable to that for isoflurane, and recovery was smooth and controlled in a manner consistent with recovery from halothane.
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To determine whether plasma von Willebrand factor (vWf) concentration changes during the estrous cycle and pregnancy in Doberman Pinschers with type-I von Willebrand's disease (vWd) and in mixed-breed dogs with normal vWf, and if so, whether alterations in vWf concentration are associated with changes in serum concentrations of reproductive hormones. ⋯ The increase in vWf concentration in pregnant bitches may be associated with changes in concentrations of reproductive hormones. However, the increase in vWf concentration during pregnancy may involve other factors because vWf concentration did not change during the estrous cycle of nonpregnant dogs despite increases in concentrations of estradiol-17 beta and progesterone.
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Comparative Study
Differences between longitudinal and circular smooth muscle in beta-adrenergic control of motility of isolated equine ileum.
To identify beta-adrenoceptor subtypes involved in motility inhibition of circular and longitudinal smooth muscle layers of equine ileum. ⋯ Findings support the important role of beta-atypical adrenoceptors in the inhibitory regulation of equine ileum motility.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Comparison of alveolar ventilation, oxygenation, pressure support, and respiratory system resistance in response to noninvasive versus conventional mechanical ventilation in foals.
To compare the efficacy of positive pressure ventilation applied through a mask versus an endotracheal tube, using anesthetized/paralyzed foals as a model for foals with hypoventilation. ⋯ Use of NIMV might be applicable in selected foals, such as those with hypoventilation and minimal changes in lung compliance, during weaning from endotracheal mechanical ventilation, or for short-term ventilation in weak foals.