American journal of veterinary research
-
An inspired-air heating and humidifying device was constructed and evaluated with regard to its ability to maintain mean body heat in anesthetized cats. Control cats exhibited a net heat loss of -5.960 and -2.970 Kcal for each of 2 successive hours. ⋯ The inspired-air heating and humidifying technique was associated with a significantly slower decrease in body temperature (P less than 0.05) after 45 minutes. The inspired-air heating technique is beneficial in minimizing body heat loss during general anesthesia in cats, but is not effective enough to supplant other methods.
-
Comparative Study
End-tidal partial pressure of CO2 as an estimate of arterial partial pressure of CO2 during various ventilatory regimens in halothane-anesthetized dogs.
The correlation between end-tidal partial pressure of CO2 (PETCO2) and arterial PCO2 (PaCO2) was studied in six halothane-anesthetized dogs maintained under four different ventilatory regimens: (A) spontaneous breathing; (B) assisted positive-pressure ventilation; (C) intermittent manual inflation; and (D) ventilator-controlled breathing. For procedures A, B, and D together, there was a strong correlation between PETCO2 and PaCO2 (r = 0.8) that was highly significant at P less than 0.0001 for PETCO2 values between 31.3 and 61 mm of Hg. In spontaneous and controlled breathing, PETCO2 is representative of PaCO2 and provides a useful noninvasive tool for monitoring the patient maintained under general anesthesia. Furthermore, data suggest that any ventilatory support of the anesthetized patient markedly improves blood gas and acid-base status compared with that of the unsupported, spontaneously breathing animal.
-
The carrier gases--air, nitrous oxide/oxyten (50%/50%), and nitrous oxide (100%)--decreased the halothane output from Fluotec Mark 3 vaporizers an average of 87.9%, 85.4%, and 70.9%, respectively, as compared with the halothane output when oxygen was used as the carrier gas.
-
Sera from Trichinella spiralis digestion-negative swine contained variable amounts of two immunoglobins that reacted with T spiralis antigen in the indirect enzyme-labeled antibody test for trichinosis. One of these immunoglobins, detected by heavy chain-specific anti-swine immunoglobulin G (IgG) conjugate, was removed by absorption with T spiralis larvae. A second immunoglobin, detected by heavy chain-specific anti-swine IgM, was not removed by absorption with T spiralis larvae and increased in amount with the age of the animal. ⋯ In contrast to IgG anti-T spiralis antibody from experimentally infected animals, neither of these immunoglobins could be detected in double-diffusion tests against the antigen or by counter immunoelectrophoresis. Either of these immunoglobins could interfere with the indirect test for T spiralis antibodies, depending upon whether anti-swine IgG or IgM conjugate is used. The factors which initiate synthesis and control serum concentrations of these immunoglobins are not known.
-
Ketamine HCl was administered IV to xylazine HCl-treated horses. The plasma concentration of ketamine was measured several times after administration of the drug and these data were used to develop a two-compartment pharmacokinetic model. The distribution and the elimination phase half-lives averaged 2.9 and 42 minutes. ⋯ The total body clearance of ketamine averaged 26.6 ml/minute/kg. Plasma protein binding of ketamine averaged 50% over the concentration limits of 0.3 to 20 microgram/ml. The duration of anesthesia from a single 2.2 mg/kg IV bolus dose of ketamine HCl appeared to be determined largely by distribution; 40% of this dose was predicted to remain in the horse at the time of its recovery from anesthesia.