J Neurosurg Sci
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Case Reports
Characteristics and surgery of aneurysms of the proximal (A1) segment of the anterior cerebral artery.
Proximal anterior cerebral artery (A1) aneurysms are considered to be rare or even unique. Proper surgical planning around A1 segment is particularly essential in order to avoid injury of tiny perforating arteries. ⋯ Angiograms must be thoroughly analyzed to correctly assess origin of the aneurysmal neck, and to plan the operative procedure as radiological presentations of distal or proximal A1 lesions resemble those of anterior communicating artery and internal carotid artery bifurcation aneurysms, respectively. Contralateral approach may facilitate surgical elimination of selected A1 aneurysms or enable one-stage clipping in patients with multiple bilateral aneurysms.
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In patients with space-occupying lesions of the pineal region, increased intracranial pressure is due to direct compression of the sylvian aqueduct. Based on results of the recent literature, neuroendoscopic management of obstructive hydrocephalus, secondary to tumors of the pineal gland, has gained a preeminent role respect to shunting procedures. ⋯ Neuroendoscopic approach affords a minimally invasive way to obtain 4 objectives by one-step surgical approach, such as resolution of obstructive hydrocephalus by endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV), cerebrospinal fluid sample to detect tumor markers and to perform cytological analysis, biopsy specimens and tissue diagnosis, associated to absence of shunt-related complications. Therefore, in experienced hands, ETV should be the treatment of first choice, in cases of hydrocephalus secondary to lesions of the pineal gland.