J Neurosurg Sci
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Review
Hemicraniectomy for malignant middle cerebral artery territory infarction: an updated review.
A decompressive hemicraniectomy is frequently performed for patients with malignant middle cerebral artery territory infarction (MMI) to reduce the intracranial hypertension, which may otherwise result in transtentorial herniation. However, certain clinically significant issues ‑ diagnostic criteria, predictors of the MMI clinical course, benefit of surgery in certain populations, timing of surgery ‑ are unresolved. ⋯ Further studies since then have not only better characterized the diagnosis and predictors of MMI, but have also shown that this benefit extends to patients with additional clinical and demographic characteristics. Future randomized studies should continue to evaluate the benefit of a DHC in other subgroups, and assess neurocognitive and psychosocial secondary outcomes.
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This review paper discusses the process of disc degeneration and the current understanding of cellular degradation in patients who present with low back pain. The role of surgical treatment for low back pain is analysed with emphasis on the proven value of spinal fusion. The interesting and novel developments of stem cell research in the treatment of low back pain are presented with special emphasis on the importance of the cartilaginous end plate and the role of IL-1 in future treatment modalities.
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Lumbar stenosis patients typically present with neurogenic claudication or radiculopathy. Studies have shown the benefit of surgical management of lumbar stenosis for patients who fail medical management. ⋯ A shorter length of stay and faster return to work after minimally invasive lumbar decompression may result in the minimally invasive approach being more cost effective than an open approach. A literature review was performed to evaluate the clinical outcomes and cost effectiveness associated with minimally invasive decompression of lumbar stenosis.