Minerva anestesiologica
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Minerva anestesiologica · Sep 1996
The laryngeal mask airway: a survey of its usage in 1,096 patients.
The frequency and pattern of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) usage in a regional general hospital has been studied. Data were collected prospectively by means of a standardized record sheet which was completed at the time of anesthetic administration. During a 19-month period 10,150 patients underwent surgical procedures requiring general or regional anesthesia, of which 1,096 (men/ women: 791/305, ASA 3 or 4: 350, mean age: 64 years) were managed with the LMA. ⋯ There were five cases of failed intubation managed with the LMA. This survey has shown that LMA has a well established role in anesthetic practice. Use of this device is equally safe and effective for both controlled and spontaneous ventilation in a wide range of starve patients undergoing most types of surgery.
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Minerva anestesiologica · Sep 1996
[Evaluation of a protocol of health surveillance for the personnel exposed to inhalation anesthetics in a sample of 3 operating rooms].
To verify the results of a health surveillance protocol for personnel exposed to inhalation anaesthetics. ⋯ The application of the protocol has allow us to estimate the level of pollution and to suggest behavioral rules and technical precautions that have decreased the emission of anaesthetics in the environment. Blood tests are not a valid index of possible damage caused by exposure.
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Minerva anestesiologica · Jul 1996
[Effects of PEEP on intrathoracic and extrathoracic blood volumes evaluated with the COLD system in patients with acute respiratory failure. Preliminary study].
To evaluate the effects of positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) on intrathoracic and extrathoracic blood volumes in patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF). ⋯ PEEP application decreases cardiac index, mainly through a preload reduction, as evidenced by the reduction in intrathoracic and end-diastolic ventricular blood volumes. The preload effect is due to an increase in intrathoracic pressure with reduction in total circulating blood volume. TBVI reduction is consistent with blood pooling in vascular compartments, e.g., splanchnic compartment, characterized by long vascular time constant.
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A suitable perioperative fluid therapy during paediatric anaesthesia presupposes a valuation of renal function and the preoperative fluid and electrolyte imbalance, a precise knowledge of fluid requirements and the physiological stress responses to surgery in different paediatric groups. Fluid administration must be suited to the pathology of the patients and surgical approach. ⋯ In order to prevent the dangers from blood transfusions you need to estimate the intraoperative loss and follow the "acceptable hematocrit" values. Rational intraoperative fluid management reduces perioperative morbidity and mortality.
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Minerva anestesiologica · Apr 1996
[Sedation, combined anesthesia, and total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with propofol in the pediatric surgical patient].
Total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) has recently obtained a wide diffusion in paediatrics, thanks to the pharmacological properties of propofol. The authors make a review on sedation, combined anaesthesia and Tiva in paediatric anesthesia, particularly on propofol and its characteristics. They describe the practical use of TIVA with recent knowledge in this field.