Oral Surg Oral Med O
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Oral Surg Oral Med O · Jan 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialAnesthetic efficacy of the intraosseous injection of 2% lidocaine (1:100,000 epinephrine) and 3% mepivacaine in mandibular first molars.
This study compared the anesthetic efficacy of a primary intraosseous injection of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and 3% mepivacaine in human mandibular first molars. Injection pain and healing postoperatively were also assessed for the intraosseous injection. ⋯ The results of this study indicate that the primary intraosseous injection of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine is more successful and results in a longer duration of pulpal anesthesia as compared with 3% mepivacaine in noninflamed mandibular first molars. Most subjects reported no or mild pain during perforation and injection.
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Drugs are widely used in the management of acute and chronic orofacial pain. Whereas the use of analgesics for acute orofacial pain is well documented through hundreds of controlled clinical trials, the use of a broad spectrum of drugs for chronic pain is based on very few studies. ⋯ It is critical, therefore, to assess the balance between therapeutic benefit and safety. This article reviews current evidence supporting the use of several drug classes for temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and identifies therapeutic controversies in need of further research.