Surg Neurol
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Review Case Reports
Spinal extradural arteriovenous malformation presenting with recurrent hemorrhage and intermittent paraplegia: case report and review of the literature.
Symptomatic spinal extradural arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are uncommon. They usually present with slowly progressive myelopathy and/or radiculopathy and only rarely with spinal extradural hemorrhage (SEH). ⋯ Recurrent hemorrhage resulted in intermittent paraplegia and acute chest/shoulder pain--diagnosed initially as hysteria. Interesting sequential myelographic, computed tomographic, and magnetic resonance imaging studies are presented, and the literature on spinal extradural AVMs presenting with SEH is reviewed.
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Case Reports
Ossified and calcified epidural hematoma incidentally found 40 years after head injury: case report.
The authors report a 57-year-old man with an ossified and calcified epidural hematoma found incidentally 40 years after incurring a severe head injury. Since the introduction of computed tomography (CT) scan, few such cases have been described in the literature. A characteristic intracranial "double-outlined" contour on plain skull x-ray films and CT scans represented bone formation and calcification of the hematoma capsule adjacent to the dura.