Surg J R Coll Surg E
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Surg J R Coll Surg E · Aug 2012
Review Meta AnalysisAcute fractures of the scaphoid bone: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
The scaphoid fractures account for 50%-80% of all carpal bone fractures in young individuals. Non-union of the fracture occurs in approximately 5%-10% of undisplaced scaphoid fractures. Current management varies significantly among different places and surgeons. ⋯ Scaphoid fracture can be treated by Colles cast for up to 12 weeks. The wrist should not be in flexion. There is no advantage of an above elbow cast over a below elbow cast. Operative treatment for scaphoid does not provide a higher union rate in undisplaced fractures, but may do in displaced fracture. Open approach seems to be superior to percutaneous fixation.
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Surg J R Coll Surg E · Aug 2012
Review Retracted PublicationBone graft substitutes: What are the options?
Currently, a number of bone grafting materials are available in the clinical setting to enhance bone regeneration, varying from autologous bone to several bone graft substitutes. Although autologous bone remains the "gold standard" for stimulating bone repair and regeneration, the morbidity from its harvesting and its restricted availability generated the need for the development of other materials or strategies either to substitute autologous bone graft or expand its limited supply. ⋯ Based on their distinct properties, all these bone grafting alternatives have specific indications, and can be used either alone or in combination. In this review, we summarise the available bone grafting materials, focussing mainly on the various bone substitutes and their characteristics, in an effort to specify the indications for their use.