World Neurosurg
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To elucidate the clinical features, risk factors for contralateral progression, and long-term outcomes of patients with unilateral moyamoya disease (MMD). ⋯ A one-peak pattern in age distribution, lower grade of Suzuki stage, fewer familial cases, and posterior cerebral artery involvement were observed in patients with unilateral MMD. Contralateral abnormalities on initial angiography and infarction at onset were risk factors for contralateral progression in adult and pediatric patients, respectively. Good functional outcomes can be anticipated in the vast majority of surgically treated patients.
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Case Reports
A traumatic spinal perimedullary arteriovenous fistula induced by a cervical glass stab injury.
In the literature, perimedullary arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is an uncommon spinal vascular malformation that is generally regarded as a congenital lesion. To our knowledge, only a few cases of traumatic perimedullary AVF have been reported in the literature so far. ⋯ Cervical trauma should be considered as a possible cause of de novo perimedullary AVF. Recognition of this phenomenon is important.
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The aim of this study is to report the results of pure endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery (EETSS) for pituitary adenomas (PAs) and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this procedure. In addition, we tried to determine the predicting factors for progression of PAs. ⋯ The pure EETSS of PA provides acceptable and reasonable results representing a safe alternative procedure to the traditional transsphenoidal microscopic approach.
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The diagnosis of moyamoya disease (MMD) is often uncertain. Moyamoya syndrome (MMS) is often misdiagnosed as MMD. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) enables vessel wall assessment to obtain more precise diagnoses. The aim of this study was to determine the true etiologies of arterial steno-occlusion in patients with an angiographic diagnosis of MMD or MMS using HR-MRI. ⋯ Differentiating MMD from MMS is difficult in certain situations, and HR-MRI may help provide a more in-depth understanding of MMD and MMS, thereby achieving a more reliable diagnosis.
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Case Reports Historical Article
Corneal Injury from Pre-surgical Chlorhexidine Skin Preparation.
Chlorhexidine skin preparation has been shown to provide highly effective antimicrobial presurgical skin cleansing. However, there is a significant risk of ocular toxicity when it is used in periocular areas. ⋯ If chlorhexidine gluconate must be employed near periocular areas, great care must be exercised to avoid contact with the eyes, and additional protective measures (e.g., absorbent eye pads along with tightly occlusive dressings) must be used whenever possible.