World Neurosurg
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Review Case Reports
Lipoma with agenesis of the corpus callosum: about 02 cases with literature review.
Intracranial lipomas are extremely rare fat-containing lesions, comprising 0.1-0.5% of all primary brain tumors. Lipoma of corpus callosum, the commonest variety of all intracranial lipomas (40%-50%), is associated with varying degrees of dysgenesis of corpus callosum and generally remains asymptomatic. ⋯ Lipomas of the corpus callosum are rare, fat-containing asymptomatic lesions, mostly associated with dysgenesis of the corpus callosum. Diagnosis accidentally occurs during diagnostic procedures in case of an encephalic disorder. Magnetic resonance imaging is the most useful modality for a differential diagnosis. Prognosis and symptoms depend on associated malformations. Surgical treatment is mostly not indicated and should be avoided.
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In vestibular schwannoma surgery, the preservation of facial and cochlear nerves is of paramount concern regarding to their effect on patients' quality of life. The rate of nerve function preservation has increased with advancements in surgical technique and neuroimaging and the introduction of intraoperative neuromonitoring. The preoperative depiction of anatomical issues between the nerves and tumor could help in surgical planning. ⋯ The results from the present review have confirmed that preoperative fiber tracking for facial nerve identification during large vestibular schwannoma surgery is valuable and reliable. However, the included studies were not comparable in terms of images, acquisitions, or postprocessing elaboration. Larger series and homogenous magnetic resonance imaging parameters are required to strengthen these findings.
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Review Case Reports
Grisel syndrome in pediatric age: an Italian single center experience and review of the literature.
Nontraumatic atlantoaxial subluxation, also known as Grisel syndrome, is a rare disease that usually affects children. The typical presentation is torticollis in patients with a history of surgical operations or airway infections. ⋯ Management of Grisel syndrome depends on the degree of subluxation basing on the Fielding and Hawkins classification. The initial nonsurgical management consists of close reduction and immobilization. Surgical fixation is indicated in cases of conservative treatment failure.
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Review Case Reports
Deep Brain Stimulation of the Caudal Zona Incerta/Motor Thalamus for Post-Ischemic Dystonic Tremor of the Left Upper Limb. Case Report and Review of the Literature.
Dystonic tremor is defined as a tremor occurring in a body region affected by dystonia. The pathophysiologic mechanisms behind dystonic tremor supposedly involve anomalies affecting the pallidothalamic-receiving area (for the dystonic component) and the ventralis intermedius-cortical loop (for the tremor component). Interest in posterior subthalamic area stimulation for various types of involuntary abnormal movements has arisen owing to positive results in patients affected by tremor refractory to ventralis intermedius deep brain stimulation. ⋯ Stimulation of motor thalamus and caudal zona incerta could be a viable treatment for patients affected by tremor of various origins, including dystonic tremor, refractory to medical therapy.
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Review Case Reports
"Intramedullary capillary hemangioma presenting with hydrocephalus and spastic paraparesis in a two-month-old infant".
Intramedullary capillary hemangiomas are rare lesions with only 14 cases reported so far and are found in middle-aged persons. Until now only a single case has been reported in the pediatric population. Ours was the second pediatric case and the youngest of all to be diagnosed with an intramedullary capillary hemangioma. ⋯ Intramedullary capillary hemangiomas are extremely rare lesions in infants but should be kept in mind while treating any patient with the spinal lesion. Further reporting of similar cases will help in understanding the natural history, pathogenesis, and management.