World Neurosurg
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Review Case Reports
Bilateral dysplastic gangliocytoma with concurrent polyostotic fibrous dysplasia: a case report and literature review.
Dysplastic gangliocytoma is a sporadic cerebellar benign tumor with the characteristics of hamartoma and true tumor, also known as Lhermitte-Duclos disease (LDD). Bone fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a slowly progressive self-limited benign bone tissue disease. Cowden syndrome, an autosomal dominant genetic disorder caused by germline mutations in the PTEN gene, is considered to be closely related to dysplastic gangliocytoma. McCune-Albright syndrome is a disease characterized by café-au-lait skin macules, polyostotic FD, and precocious puberty. The etiologic mechanism of both conditions is not yet clear. We report a rare case of bilateral dysplastic gangliocytoma with concurrent polyostotic FD. ⋯ LDD and FD are 2 rare diseases, and the simultaneous occurrence of the 2 conditions has not been reported before, to our knowledge. Our report challenges the etiology of the 2 diseases and the relationship between them, hoping to provide a reference for the study of the 2 diseases.
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Review Case Reports
The Use of Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy as Treatment for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: Case Report and a Review of Previously Reported Cases.
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), or pseudotumor cerebri, is a rare disorder marked by an increase of cerebrospinal fluid pressure that may cause severe headaches, papilledema, vision loss, and other symptoms. IIH is typically treated with shunts, but shunts are prone to malfunction and infection, resulting in many patients experiencing recurrent headaches after treatment. ⋯ Reported resolution of the patient's headaches and improved quality of life following the procedure indicated that endoscopic third ventriculostomy can be used to treat IIH if ventricles are not completely slitlike. Additionally, we present a review of all previously reported cases in which endoscopic third ventriculostomy was used for the treatment of IIH.
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Case Reports
Lead Toxicity From Intradiscal Retained Bullet Fragment: Management Considerations and Recommendations.
Lead toxicity (plumbism) secondary to retained lead missiles in synovial joint spaces is a rare complication after gunshot injuries. Management of lead missiles in the intradiscal space regarding potential lead toxicity is less certain. ⋯ First, there is insufficient evidence for removing retained lead missiles solely to mitigate the risk of lead toxicity. Second, chelation therapy in addition to surgical removal of the lead source is a valuable adjunct in the perioperative period and should be undertaken with the assistance of medical toxicology. Third, a retained missile does not mandate a simultaneous stabilization procedure in lieu of other indications based on the data available at this time.
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Case Reports
COVID-19 associated encephalopathies and cerebrovascular disease: the New Orleans experience.
The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a dramatic impact on health care systems and a variable disease course. Emerging evidence demonstrates that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is associated with central nervous system disease. We describe central nervous system manifestations in critical patients with COVID-19 at our tertiary center. ⋯ Analysis of active critical COVID-19 admissions at our revealed a high percentage of patients with new neurologic disease. Although variable, presentations followed 1 of 3 broad categories. A better understanding of the neurologic sequalae and radiographic findings will help clinicians mitigate the impact of this disease.
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Observational Study
Evaluation of the Accuracy and Reliability of a Smartphone Stereotactic Coordinates Checking App.
Surgical assistance applications for smartphones have the potential to be used in daily practice; however, regular reviews of these tools are required. StereoCheck (Mevis, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil) is a mobile application (app) designed to compute stereotactic coordinates as a checking tool. The present study evaluated the accuracy and reliability of the StereoCheck app. ⋯ StereoCheck showed satisfactory accuracy and reliability. The use of photographs to compute the coordinates could lead to a significant decrease in the accuracy of the app.