World Neurosurg
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Review Historical Article
Historical perspective on surgery and survival with glioblastoma: how far have we come?
Glioblastoma multiforme remains a therapeutic challenge. We offer a historical review of the outcomes of patients with glioblastoma from the earliest report of surgery for this lesion through the introduction of modern chemotherapeutics and aggressive approaches to tumor resection. ⋯ With advancements in localization, imaging, anesthesia, surgical technique, control of cerebral edema, and adjuvant therapies, outcomes in glioblastoma improved incrementally from Cushing's time until the introduction of magnetic resonance imaging enabled better degrees of resection in the 1990s. Modest improvements came with the advent of biomarker-driven targeted chemotherapy in the first decade of the current century.
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To present the outcomes of endoscopic endonasal surgery for giant pituitary adenomas and discuss the extent of resection to minimize morbidity and mortality. ⋯ Long-term follow-up results and low recurrence rate of tumors indicate that RR is effective to decrease morbidity and mortality.
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Review Historical Article
The initial stage of neurosurgery in China: Contributions from Peking Union Medical College Hospital.
Modern neurosurgery has been developing worldwide for more than a century, whereas in China, as stated in previous literature, only 7 decades have passed since the development of neurosurgery during the early 1950s after World War II and China's War of Liberation. However, as increasing evidence before the wars from medical records, annual hospital reports, and journal archives emerge, the history of neurosurgery in China, especially the initial stage, needs to be reassessed. The establishment of the Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) in 1921, funded by the Rockefeller Foundation, marked the start of Western medicine in China. ⋯ D. and Yi-Cheng Zhao, M. D., both of whom graduated from PUMC and received further training abroad, made great contributions to the initial growth of Chinese neurosurgery. Although neurosurgery experienced slow and even stagnant development in China during the wars that took place from 1941-1949, the prewar period from 1921-1940 witnessed substantial improvement in operative skills, bedside education, resident training, and scientific research in neurosurgery at PUMCH, providing indispensable contributions that have allowed Chinese neurosurgery to flourish during the past 7 decades.
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The choice of surgical technique in sight-threatening Grave orbitopathy remains controversial. Available data are mostly derived from mixed cohorts with multiple surgical indications and techniques. The authors assessed predictors for visual outcome after standardized pterional orbital decompression for dysthyroid optic neuropathy. ⋯ This cohort is the largest series of pterional orbit decompressions and the first to focus exclusively on dysthyroid neuropathy. Complication rates were low. Decompression surgery was highly effective at restoring and maintaining visual acuity in patients with dysthyroid optic neuropathy.
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Despite progress in the detection of biological molecules that contribute to intracranial aneurysm (IA) development, many pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear, particularly with regard to predicting IA rupture. In this study, we aimed to identify hub genes and construct a new model to predict IA rupture. ⋯ Our prediction model not only serves as a useful tool for assessing the risk of IA rupture, but the key genes identified herein could also serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.