World Neurosurg
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The internal carotid artery (ICA) course has been discussed extensively. Several classification systems have attempted to delineate an accurate and helpful trajectory for microsurgical and endoscopic guidance, thus allowing a better neurosurgical performance while avoiding intraoperative complications. ⋯ We present an illustrative review of 8 notable ICA classification systems using lateral and anterior views as a rapid tool for neuroanatomic consultation. The appraisal of the vessel anatomy from different perspectives while recognizing their usefulness and limitations might provide a comprehensive understanding of the ICA, optimize the intraoperative performance, and facilitate communication.
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Review Case Reports
Microsurgical Clip Ligation of Ruptured, Previously Coiled A2-A3 Aneurysm Through Interhemispheric Approach In a Pediatric Patient.
Previously ruptured aneurysms treated with coil occlusion are at risk of recurrence and require thoughtful strategic planning for adequate aneurysm occlusion.1-3 Alternative strategies, such as coil extraction or trapping and bypass, are options when simple clipping is not feasible.2 A 15-year-old boy presented with a Hunt and Hess grade 4, Fisher grade 4 subarachnoid hemorrhage from a ruptured distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysm. The patient initially underwent coil embolization and craniotomy to evacuate an extensive corpus callosum hemorrhage. ⋯ We also describe various operative strategies with anatomical illustrations. The patient gave verbal consent for participating in the procedure and surgical video.
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Clinical research questions are commonly answered using a case-control design. The decision to use this design is usually justified due to low cost, feasibility, and ease of execution. However, the case-control design presents challenges in execution, selection of cases/controls, and interpretation of effect measures (odds ratios, among others). In this paper, we clarify for a neurosurgical audience the design and appropriate effect size measures obtained from case-control studies. ⋯ Neurosurgeons must understand the types of case-control studies and their associated effect measures to properly conduct research and incorporate research findings into clinical practice.
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Although cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) has reportedly been associated with similarly low incidences of complications to anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, the phenomenon of anterior bone loss (ABL) is unique to CDA and has only recently gained notice. This study thus aimed to investigate the incidence of ABL and its correlation with cervical alignment post-operation. ⋯ During the mean follow-up of 2 years, ABL was a common radiologic finding. More than half of the patients (26 of 41, 63.4%) in the series gained cervical lordosis (ΔCobb >0) after CDA. These patients with increased cervical lordosis (ΔCobb >0) after CDA had higher grades of ABL.
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Multicenter Study
THE QUADRANGULAR SPACE, ENDONASAL ACCESS TO MECKEL'S CAVE: TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND CLINICAL SERIES.
An anteromedial corridor via an expanded endoscopic endonasal approach to the Meckel cave (MC) was described more than a decade ago. However, few clinical series or endoscopic endonasal technical contributions exist concerning this type of approach to this complex region. ⋯ The front door to the MC via the endonasal anteromedial corridor could be a good option. Understanding of the anatomy and the concept of the quadrangular space is crucial to performing this technique safely, which has few complications in experienced hands. Recovery from sixth nerve palsy is possible with this approach. Corneal keratopathy in these patients is a potential complication.