World Neurosurg
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Because the early risk of stroke recurrence in patients with posterior circulation infarctions is high, patients with vertebrobasilar events require active preventive treatment. Previous reports have described the use of balloon angioplasty and stenting or surgical revascularization to the vertebrobasilar artery area. To compensate for the disadvantages of these techniques, we combined endovascular and surgical treatments in a patient with symptomatic vertebrobasilar artery stenosis. ⋯ Our staged therapy may be an effective treatment for symptomatic vertebrobasilar artery stenosis.
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A white coat ceremony is held to honor each medical school class as they transition from the study of preclinical medicine to clinical medicine. This prestigious milestone is a turning point in their progress toward becoming medical doctors. White coat ceremonies are held in many institutions across the country to signify each student's passage from the realm of strictly academic learning to one of clinical experience.
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Biography Historical Article
Volker K. H. Sonntag, M.D.: pioneer in spinal neurosurgery and consummate educator, colleague, and family man.
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Krüppel-like zinc-finger transcription factor 5 (KLF5), known as BTEB2 and IKLF, has several biological functions that involve cell proliferation, development, and apoptosis. In human cerebral aneurysms, macrophage infiltration is profoundly associated with growth and rupture, but the role of KLF5 remains unclear. We examined the significance of KLF5 expression in cerebral aneurysms. ⋯ This represents the first documentation that KLF5 is highly expressed in large and giant unruptured aneurysms and that in ruptured aneurysmal wall KLF5 expression was scarce. These findings suggest that the KLF5 expression and macrophage infiltration play essential roles on aneurysmal growth or rupture.