The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Jan 2016
Genotype-Dependent Brown Adipose Tissue Activation in Patients With Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma.
Patients with pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PGLs) may have brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation induced by catecholamine excess. (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) can be used for the localization of both PGLs and BAT. It is unknown whether BAT is specifically affected by altered cellular energy metabolism in patients with SDHx- and VHL-related PGLs. ⋯ Patients with PGLs exhibit a high prevalence of BAT activation on (18)F-FDG PET/CT. This is likely due to systemic catecholamine excess. BAT activation is not associated with specific germline mutations.
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Dec 2015
Is Exposure to Famine in Childhood and Economic Development in Adulthood Associated With Diabetes?
The Chinese were afflicted by great famine between 1959 and 1962. These people then experienced rapid economic development during which the gross domestic product per capita increased from $28 in 1978 to $6807 in 2013. We hypothesize that these two events are associated with the booming rate of diabetes in China. ⋯ The rapid increase in the prevalence of diabetes in middle-aged and elderly people in China is associated with the combination of exposure to famine during the fetal stage and childhood and high economic status in adulthood. Our findings may partly explain the booming diabetes phenomenon in China.
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Dec 2015
Observational StudyRelative Hyperglycemia, a Marker of Critical Illness: Introducing the Stress Hyperglycemia Ratio.
Hyperglycemia in hospitalized patients is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. ⋯ SHR controls for background glycemia and is a better biomarker of critical illness than absolute hyperglycemia. SHR identifies patients with relative hyperglycemia at risk of critical illness. Future studies should explore whether basing glucose-lowering therapy on relative, rather than absolute, hyperglycemia improves outcomes in hospitalized patients.
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Shift work, which imposes a habitual disruption in the circadian system, has been linked to increased incidence of cardiometabolic diseases, and acute circadian misalignment alters various metabolic processes. However, it remains unclear whether day-to-day circadian dysregulation contributes to these risks beyond poor sleep and other behavioral characteristics. ⋯ Our findings suggest that a misalignment of sleep timing is associated with metabolic risk factors that predispose to diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.