The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Mar 2020
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialImplications of the Hemoglobin Glycation Index on the Diagnosis of Prediabetes and Diabetes.
Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour plasma glucose (2hPG) from a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) can lead to different results when diagnosing prediabetes and diabetes. The Hemoglobin Glycation Index (HGI) quantifies the interindividual variation in glycation resulting in discrepancies between FPG and HbA1c. We used data from the Vitamin D and Type 2 Diabetes (D2d) study to calculate HGI, to identify HGI-associated variables, and to determine how HGI affects prediabetes and diabetes diagnosis. ⋯ High HGI was associated with Black race and female sex as reported previously. The observation that 2hPG was not different across HGI subgroups suggests that variation in postprandial glucose is not a significant source of population variation in HGI. Exclusive use of HbA1c for diagnosis will classify more Black individuals and women as having prediabetes compared with using FPG or 2hPG.
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Mar 2020
Randomized Controlled TrialGIP and GLP-1 Receptor Antagonism During a Meal in Healthy Individuals.
The actions of both endogenous incretin hormones during a meal have not previously been characterized. ⋯ Endogenous GIP and GLP-1 lower postprandial plasma glucose excursions and stimulate insulin secretion but only endogenous GIP affects gallbladder motility. The two incretin hormones potentiate each other's effects in the control of postprandial glycemia in healthy men.
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Mar 2020
Observational StudyMuscle Strength, Size, and Composition Following 12 Months of Gender-affirming Treatment in Transgender Individuals.
As many sports are divided in male/female categories, governing bodies have formed regulations on the eligibility for transgender individuals to compete in these categories. Yet, the magnitude of change in muscle mass and strength with gender-affirming treatment remains insufficiently explored. ⋯ One year of gender-affirming treatment resulted in robust increases in muscle mass and strength in TM, but modest changes in TW. These findings add new knowledge on the magnitude of changes in muscle function, size, and composition with cross-hormone therapy, which could be relevant when evaluating the transgender eligibility rules for athletic competitions.
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Feb 2020
Negative Effects of Age at Menarche on Risk of Cardiometabolic Diseases in Adulthood: A Mendelian Randomization Study.
Observational studies have demonstrated that early menarche is associated with cardiometabolic diseases, but confounding factors make it difficult to infer causality. ⋯ Our findings showed that AAM did not appear to have a causal effect on the risk of cardiometabolic diseases in adult life, as their associations observed in epidemiological studies might be largely mediated through excessive adiposity. We propose adiposity might be a primary target in future intervention strategy.
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Jan 2020
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudySkeletal Effects of Levothyroxine for Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Older Adults: A TRUST Randomized Trial Nested Study.
Both thyroid dysfunction and levothyroxine (LT4) therapy have been associated with bone loss, but studies on the effect of LT4 for subclinical hypothyroidism (SHypo) on bone yielded conflicting results. ⋯ ClinicalTrial.gov NCT01660126 and NCT02491008.