Circ Cardiovasc Qual
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Circ Cardiovasc Qual · Mar 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effectiveness of ultrabrief and brief educational videos for training lay responders in hands-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation: implications for the future of citizen cardiopulmonary resuscitation training.
Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) improves survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) but often is not performed. We hypothesized that subjects viewing very short Hands-Only CPR videos will (1) be more likely to attempt CPR in a simulated OHCA scenario and (2) demonstrate better CPR skills than untrained individuals. ⋯ Laypersons exposed to very short Hands-Only CPR videos are more likely to attempt CPR and show superior CPR skills than untrained laypersons. Clinical Trial Registration- URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01191736.
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Circ Cardiovasc Qual · Mar 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialThe cost-effectiveness of percutaneous coronary intervention as a function of angina severity in patients with stable angina.
The COURAGE (Clinical Outcomes Utilizing Revascularization and Aggressive Drug Evaluation) trial compared percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) plus optimal medical therapy (OMT) to OMT alone in reducing the risk of cardiovascular events in 2287 patients with stable coronary disease. We examined the cost-effectiveness of PCI as a function of angina severity at the time of randomization. ⋯ The incremental cost of PCI to provide meaningful clinical benefit above that achieved by OMT alone was lower for patients with severe angina than for those with mild or no angina. However, it is uncertain that at any level of angina severity that PCI as an initial strategy would achieve a socially acceptable cost threshold. Clinical Trial Registration- URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00007657.
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Circ Cardiovasc Qual · Mar 2011
Review Comparative StudyGender bias in studies for Food and Drug Administration premarket approval of cardiovascular devices.
Cardiovascular devices can have different safety and effectiveness profiles in men and women. The type and quality of sex-specific data reviewed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) before approval of these devices are unknown. ⋯ There is a lack of sex-specific safety and effectiveness data for high-risk cardiovascular devices before FDA approval. The justifications for this lack of evidence may perpetuate the status quo. More rigorous FDA requirements for sex-specific data before device approval could present an opportunity to improve cardiovascular outcomes.
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Circ Cardiovasc Qual · Mar 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialMortality implications of primary percutaneous coronary intervention treatment delays: insights from the Assessment of Pexelizumab in Acute Myocardial Infarction trial.
Prior studies demonstrate a direct relationship between treatment delays to primary percutaneous intervention and mortality in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This analysis compared the relationship of symptom onset-to-balloon time and door-to-balloon time on mortality in patients with STEMI. ⋯ Both symptom onset-to-balloon time and hospital door-to-balloon time are strongly associated with 90-day mortality following STEMI. Clinical Trial Registration- URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00091637.