Journal of the neurological sciences
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Observational Study
Bochum ultrasound score allows distinction of chronic inflammatory from multifocal acquired demyelinating polyneuropathies.
The aim of this observational study was to evaluate the applicability of a recently introduced ultrasound score (Bochum ultrasound score; BUS) in distinguishing the chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) from the multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) or the multifocal acquired demyelinating sensory and motor neuropathy (MADSAM). ⋯ The BUS seems to allow a reliable distinction of CIDP from multifocal acquired demyelinating polyneuropathies causing predominantly motor nerve dysfunction, such as MMN or MADSAM. Our ultrasound findings indicate a stronger relationship of MADSAM to MMN, than to CIDP.
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Comparative Study
Role of diffusion tensor imaging or magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the diagnosis and disability assessment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
To compare the results of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. ⋯ NAA/Cr and FA can help diagnose ALS. Regional brain NAA/Cr and FA values could not assess the ALSFRS-R or disease progression rate.
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Post-conditioning with volatile anesthetics can create ischemic tolerance against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. The present study was designed to determine whether delayed exposure to sevoflurane could induce ischemic tolerance and if this effect was dependent on increasing phosphorylated Akt-Ser473 and GSK-3β-Ser9 expression in the mitochondria, via a mechanism involving the PI3K/Akt pathway. ⋯ Our data suggested that delayed application of sevoflurane after reperfusion provides neuroprotection by activating phosphorylated Akt-Ser473 and GSK-3β-Ser9 in the mitochondria via the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Brainstem gliomas are rare in adults and overall have superior survival outcomes compared to pediatric brainstem gliomas. ⋯ Survival outcomes for adult WHO Grade II to IV brainstem gliomas were similar to supratentorial IDH1 wild-type tumors of similar grade and histology. Potentially actionable mutations can be identified from small biopsy samples in a subset of adult brainstem gliomas.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A single preoperative dose of diclofenac reduces the intensity of acute postcraniotomy headache and decreases analgesic requirements over five postoperative days in adults: A single center, randomized, blinded trial.
Postcraniotomy headache causes considerable pain and can be difficult to treat. We therefore tested the hypothesis that a single 100-mg preoperative dose of diclofenac reduces the intensity of postcraniotomy headache, and reduces analgesic requirements. ⋯ Preoperative diclofenac administration reduces postcraniotomy headache and postoperative analgesic requirements - a benefit that persisted throughout five postoperative days.