Journal of the neurological sciences
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Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS) is a neurological disorder typically found in alcohol use disorder. The fact that it also occurs in nonalcoholic patients is less well known and often ignored. For the first time, this review offers a systematic investigation of the frequency and associated features of nonalcoholic WKS in the published literature. ⋯ The foregoing observations led to several important conclusions. First, we can see that nutritional impoverishment leads to profound brain damage in the form of WKS. Second, it seems that physicians are either unaware of or underestimate the risks for nonalcoholic WKS. Physicians must be specifically vigilant in detecting and treating WKS in patients with sudden and severe weight loss and vomiting. Third, lower doses of thiamine frequently lead to chronic Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. We noticed that when thiamine treatment for WKS was administered, in many cases doses were too low. In line with proven interventions we therefore recommend a parenteral thiamine treatment of 500 mg 3 times per day in adults.
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Only few epidemiological studies on survival of Lower Motor Neuron (LMN) phenotype (LMNP) are available and with controversial results. ⋯ Our data suggest a role of TMS abnormalities as potential indicator of disease progression and multidistrectual involvement in patients with pure clinical LMN phenotype at the diagnosis.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Neurological presentations of COVID-19: Findings from the Spanish Society of Neurology neuroCOVID-19 registry.
We report the findings from the Spanish Society of Neurology's NeuroCOVID-19 Registry. ⋯ The neurological manifestations of COVID-19 are diverse. Anosmia, myalgia, and headache occur earlier in the course of the disease. Altered mental status, neuromuscular symptoms, and stroke are associated with greater severity. COVID-19 must be incorporated into most clinical and radiological differential diagnoses. COVID-19 may cause persistent and disabling neurological symptoms.
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Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is a common complication after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) that can culminate in secondary brain damage. Although it remains one of the main preventable causes of aSAH-related morbidity, there is still a lack of prognostic criteria for identification of patients at risk of developing DCI. Because elevated circulatory levels of the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase 3 (cDPP3) were recently identified as a potential biomarker for outcome prediction in critically ill patients, we evaluated the time-course of changes in cDPP3 levels after aSAH. ⋯ Our results provide first evidence that cDPP3 could serve as a promising biomarker for early diagnosis of DCI-related infarctions in poor grade aSAH patients.
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The Circle of Willis (CoW) is often underdeveloped or incomplete, leading to suboptimal blood supply to the brain. As hypoperfusion is thought to play a role in the aetiology of white matter hyperintensities (WMH), the objective of this study was to assess whether incomplete CoW variants were associated with increased WMH volumes compared to the complete CoW. ⋯ Incomplete CoW variants do not appear to be risk factors for WMH in the general population.