The Journal of pediatrics
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The Journal of pediatrics · Apr 1987
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialTheophylline versus caffeine: comparative effects in treatment of idiopathic apnea in the preterm infant.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Apr 1987
Comparative StudyGas trapping with high-frequency ventilation: jet versus oscillatory ventilation.
Gas trapping was evaluated during high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) and high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) in nine adult rabbits under basal conditions and after instillation of a mixture of 20% human meconium (2 mL/kg). The anesthetized animals underwent tracheostomy and were placed inside a body plethysmograph. Respiratory compliance and resistance were calculated from airway pressure and simultaneous flow, and volume was measured with a pneumotachograph. ⋯ After meconium instillation, gas trapping during HFJV at 15 Hz and tidal volume 2 mL/kg decreased significantly (32.7 +/- 10.4 to 24.9 +/- 10.3; P less than 0.05), compared with basal conditions. This finding may be explained by the shorter time constant of the respiratory system after meconium instillation (0.118 vs 0.083 seconds, P less than 0.01). Thus gas trapping was significantly greater with HFJV than with HFOV, a difference most likely related to the active expiratory phase of HFOV.