The Journal of pediatrics
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The Journal of pediatrics · Apr 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialVitamin D status in neonates undergoing cardiac operations: relationship to cardiopulmonary bypass and association with outcomes.
To determine the incidence of vitamin D deficiency in neonates with congenital heart disease and whether differences exist by race. In addition, we determined the effect of cardiopulmonary bypass on vitamin D levels and explored associations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and postoperative outcomes. ⋯ Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in neonates with congenital cardiac defects, and lower postoperative 25(OH)D levels are associated with the need for increased inotropic support in neonates undergoing cardiac operations. These findings support that vitamin D deficiency may play a role in myocardial injury and postoperative recovery and warrants further investigation.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Apr 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialPilot randomized trial of hydrocortisone in ventilator-dependent extremely preterm infants: effects on regional brain volumes.
To test the hypothesis that high-risk ventilator-dependent extremely low birth weight (birth weight ≤1000 g) infants treated with 7 days of hydrocortisone will have larger total brain tissue volumes than placebo treated infants. ⋯ Low dose hydrocortisone in high-risk ventilator-dependent infants after a week of age had no discernible effect on regional brain volumes or pulmonary outcomes prior to neonatal intensive care unit discharge.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Apr 2013
Pediatric anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis-clinical analysis and novel findings in a series of 20 patients.
To report the clinical features of 20 pediatric patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. ⋯ The initial symptoms of pediatric anti-NMDAR encephalitis vary from those of the adults (more neurologic and less psychiatric in children), the development of a mono-symptomatic illness is extremely rare (except in relapses), and most patients respond to treatment. Our study suggests a link between post herpes simplex encephalitis choreoathetosis and anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Apr 2013
Effect of nasal continuous and biphasic positive airway pressure on lung volume in preterm infants.
To monitor regional changes in end-expiratory lung volume (EELV), tidal volumes, and their ventilation distribution during different levels of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) and nasal biphasic positive airway pressure (BiPAP) in stable preterm infants. ⋯ Increasing nCPAP in the range of 2 to 6 cmH2O results in a homogeneous increase in EELV and an increase in tidal volume in preterm infants with a more physiologic ventilation distribution. Unsynchronized BiPAP does not improve tidal volume compared with nCPAP.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Apr 2013
Acute kidney injury in asphyxiated newborns treated with therapeutic hypothermia.
To test the hypothesis that acute kidney injury (AKI) would be independently associated with increased morbidity and mortality. ⋯ We used the Acute Kidney Injury Network definition for AKI in asphyxiated newborns undergoing therapeutic hypothermia to demonstrate that the incidence of AKI remains high, but lower than rates published before the advent of therapeutic hypothermia. We highlight the importance of recognizing AKI in asphyxiated newborns undergoing therapeutic hypothermia, along with the potential benefits of early recognition.