The Journal of pediatrics
-
The Journal of pediatrics · Jan 2014
Alterations in brain structure and neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants hospitalized in different neonatal intensive care unit environments.
To evaluate associations between neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) room type (open ward and private room) and medical outcomes; neurobehavior, electrophysiology, and brain structure at hospital discharge; and developmental outcomes at 2 years of age. ⋯ These findings raise concerns that highlight the need for further research into the potential adverse effects of different amounts of sensory exposure in the NICU environment.
-
The Journal of pediatrics · Jan 2014
Comparative StudyPediatric abdominal radiograph use, constipation, and significant misdiagnoses.
To determine the proportion of children diagnosed with constipation assigned a significant alternative diagnosis within 7 days (misdiagnosis), if there is an association between abdominal radiograph (AXR) performance and misdiagnosis, and features that might identify children with misdiagnoses. ⋯ Misdiagnoses in children with constipation are more frequent in those in whom an AXR was performed and those with abdominal pain and tenderness. The performance of an AXR may indicate diagnostic uncertainty; in such cases, the presence of stool on AXR does not rule out an alternative diagnosis.
-
The Journal of pediatrics · Jan 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyMood disorders after traumatic brain injury in adolescents and young adults: a nationwide population-based cohort study.
To delineate the relationship between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and mood disorders from population-based data in Taiwan. ⋯ Our findings show a higher likelihood of manifesting mood disorders in adolescents and young adults who sustained a prior TBI. Health professionals should carefully monitor both the physical and psychological impacts of head trauma.
-
The Journal of pediatrics · Jan 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA randomized controlled trial of two nasal continuous positive airway pressure levels after extubation in preterm infants.
To compare extubation failure rate with two ranges of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) in oxygen dependent preterm infants. ⋯ Extubation failure in preterm infants with residual lung disease was lower with NCPAP range of 7-9 compared with 4-6 cmH2O. These findings suggest the need for higher distending pressure post-extubation in the more immature infants who are still oxygen dependent.
-
The Journal of pediatrics · Jan 2014
Comparative StudyUnintentional pediatric exposures to central alpha-2 agonists reported to the National Poison Data System.
To investigate national trends in unintentional pediatric exposures to 3 common alpha-2 agonists: clonidine, guanfacine, and tizanidine. Secondary objectives were to describe outcomes, symptoms, treatments, and death. ⋯ The number of unintentional pediatric exposures to alpha-2 agonists increased from 2000-2011. Clonidine exposures were the most commonly reported, more symptomatic, and associated with 3 deaths. Despite central nervous system depression, bradycardia, and hypotension being common, the need for intubation and vasopressors was rare.