The Journal of pediatrics
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jun 2014
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyEffect of Hispanic ethnicity and language barriers on appendiceal perforation rates and imaging in children.
To determine the association between Hispanic ethnicity and limited English proficiency (LEP) and the rates of appendiceal perforation and advanced radiologic imaging (computed tomography and ultrasound) in children with abdominal pain. ⋯ Hispanic ethnicity with LEP is an important risk factor for appendiceal perforation in pediatric patients brought to the emergency department with possible appendicitis. Among patients with moderate clinical severity, Hispanic ethnicity with LEP appears to be associated with lower imaging rates. This effect of English proficiency and Hispanic ethnicity warrants further investigation to understand and overcome barriers, which may lead to increased appendiceal perforation rates and differential diagnostic evaluation.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jun 2014
Comparative StudyConcordance with recommended postdischarge care guidelines among children with food-induced anaphylaxis.
To describe patient characteristics, concordance with recommended postdischarge care, and risk of repeat events within a cohort of children discharged from an emergency department (ED) or hospital for food-induced anaphylaxis in the US. ⋯ Among children with food-induced anaphylaxis, within 1 year postdischarge from the ED or hospital, concordance was higher for EAI prescription fills than for allergist/immunologist visits. Subsequent ED visits/hospital stays for anaphylactic events were low. More research is needed to identify barriers between recommendations and physician/patient behaviors, as well as the impact of not following the recommendations on patient outcomes and healthcare costs.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jun 2014
Traffic-related air pollution and asthma hospital readmission in children: a longitudinal cohort study.
To examine the association between exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) and hospital readmission for asthma or bronchodilator-responsive wheezing. ⋯ TRAP exposure is associated with increased odds of hospital readmission in white children, but not in African American children.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jun 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyResuscitation of preterm infants with different inspired oxygen fractions.
To test the hypothesis that an initial fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) of 30% during resuscitation of preterm infants results in less oxidative stress and is associated with improved clinical outcomes compared with an FiO2 of 65%. ⋯ Initial supplementation of preterm infants with 30% oxygen during the fetal-to-neonatal transition is as safe as 65% oxygen, with no differences in oxidative stress markers or BPD.