The Journal of pediatrics
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The Journal of pediatrics · Aug 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyRespiratory outcomes of the surfactant positive pressure and oximetry randomized trial (SUPPORT).
To explore the early childhood pulmonary outcomes of infants who participated in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development's Surfactant Positive Airway Pressure and Pulse Oximetry Randomized Trial (SUPPORT), using a factorial design that randomized extremely preterm infants to lower vs higher oxygen saturation targets and delivery room continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) vs intubation/surfactant. ⋯ Treatment with early CPAP rather than intubation/surfactant is associated with less respiratory morbidity by 18-22 months CA. Longitudinal assessment of pulmonary morbidity is necessary to fully evaluate the potential benefits of respiratory interventions for neonates.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Aug 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyTotal body polyethylene wraps for preventing hypothermia in preterm infants: a randomized trial.
To evaluate whether a polyethylene total body wrapping (covering both the body and head) is more effective than conventional treatment (covering up to the shoulders) in reducing perinatal thermal losses in very preterm infants. ⋯ Total body wrapping is comparable with covering the body up to the shoulders in preventing postnatal thermal losses in very preterm infants.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Aug 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialSchool-age outcomes following a randomized controlled trial of magnesium sulfate for neuroprotection of preterm infants.
In a French randomized trial, children at school-age demonstrated no evidence of harm from fetal exposure to MgSO4 before very preterm birth. Motor dysfunction/death, qualitative behavioral disorders, cognitive difficulties, school grade repetition, and education services were decreased in the children exposed to MgSO4, although the differences were not significant.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Aug 2014
Observational StudyAdditional injuries in young infants with concern for abuse and apparently isolated bruises.
To determine the prevalence of additional injuries or bleeding disorders in a large population of young infants evaluated for abuse because of apparently isolated bruising. ⋯ Infants younger than 6 months of age with bruising prompting subspecialty consultation for abuse have a high risk of additional serious injuries. Routine medical evaluation for young infants with bruises and concern for physical abuse should include physical examination, skeletal survey, neuroimaging, and abdominal injury screening.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Aug 2014
Clinical and neuroimaging findings in neonatal herpes simplex virus infection.
In a retrospective review of infants with neonatal herpes simplex virus disease (n=29), we found bilateral multilobar (n=8), pontine (n=3), thalamic (n=6), and internal capsule and corticospinal tract (n=5) involvement on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Diffusion-weighted imaging (n=6) performed early revealed additional involvement than detected by conventional MRI. Neurodevelopmental sequelae were correlated with MRI abnormalities. Our findings demonstrate that MRI, including diffusion-weighted imaging, is a valuable prognostic adjunct in neonatal herpes simplex virus disease.