The Journal of pediatrics
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jul 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyMask versus Nasal Tube for Stabilization of Preterm Infants at Birth: Respiratory Function Measurements.
To compare the nasal tube with face mask as interfaces for stabilization of very preterm infants at birth by using physiological measurements of leak, obstruction, and expired tidal volumes during positive pressure ventilation (PPV). ⋯ The use of a nasal tube led to large leak, more obstruction, and inadequate tidal volumes compared with face mask.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jul 2015
Significant Reduction of Central-Line Associated Bloodstream Infections in a Network of Diverse Neonatal Nurseries.
To describe a quality improvement (QI) initiative that was associated with a dramatic reduction in neonatal central-line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rate in a diverse group of 8 intensive care nurseries (Neonatal Services). ⋯ Using the model for improvement and evidenced-based interventions, this QI project has been associated with reduction in the CLABSI rate by 89%, and over 430 CLABSIs likely have been avoided.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jul 2015
Multicenter StudyUse of Cough and Cold Medications in Severe Bronchiolitis before and after a Health Advisory Warning against Their Use.
We compared the use of cough and cold medications in 2 multicenter studies of young children hospitalized with bronchiolitis before and after the 2008 Food and Drug Administration cough and cold medications advisory. Although cough and cold medication use decreased after the advisory, nearly 20% of children age 12-23.9 months with severe bronchiolitis received cough and cold medications.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jul 2015
Associations between Gut Microbial Colonization in Early Life and Respiratory Outcomes in Cystic Fibrosis.
To examine patterns of microbial colonization of the respiratory and intestinal tracts in early life in infants with cystic fibrosis (CF) and their associations with breastfeeding and clinical outcomes. ⋯ Our findings relating breastfeeding to respiratory outcomes, gut diversity to prolonged periods of health, and specific bacterial communities in the gut prior to respiratory complications in CF highlight a connection between the intestinal microbiome and health and point to potential opportunities for antibiotic or probiotic interventions. Further studies in larger cohorts validating these findings are needed.