The American journal of clinical nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effect of psyllium in hypercholesterolemia at two monounsaturated fatty acid intakes.
We performed two studies to determine whether the lipid-lowering effect of viscous soluble fiber was modified by monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA). First, psyllium (1.4 g/MJ) was compared with wheat bran (control) in 1-mo metabolic diets by using a randomized crossover design (n = 32 hyperlipidemic subjects). The background diet contained approximately 6% of energy as MUFA (20% of total fat). ⋯ Chenodeoxycholate synthesis rate increased (30 +/- 13%, P = 0.038) with the psyllium diet in the 12 subjects in whom this was assessed. We conclude that psyllium lowered LDL- and HDL-cholesterol concentrations similarly at both MUFA intakes. However, there may be some advantage in combining soluble fiber and MUFA to reduce the ratio of LDL to HDL cholesterol.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Cornstarch regimens for nocturnal treatment of young adults with type I glycogen storage disease.
The goal of treatment of type I glycogen storage disease (GSD-I) is to prevent hypoglycemia and its biochemical consequences. In seven patients with GSD-I with a mean age of 19.5 y (range: 18.8-21.7 y), we compared the biochemical effects of isoenergetic amounts of uncooked cornstarch (UCS; 1.76 +/- 0.41 g/kg) given in random order on consecutive nights either as a single dose at 2100 (time 0) or as equally divided doses at 2100 and 0200. Over the 10-h period of observation there were significant regimen-by-time interactions for plasma glucose, serum insulin, and blood lactate concentrations. ⋯ After a single dose, plasma glucose concentrations were > or = 3.9 mmol/L for 7 h in five of seven subjects; three subjects were treated for hypoglycemia after 7-9.5 h. With divided doses, plasma glucose concentrations were > or = 3.9 mmol/L for 9 h in six of seven subjects; hypoglycemia occurred at 6 h in one subject. A single dose (1.76 +/- 0.41 g/kg) of UCS at bedtime maintains plasma glucose concentrations > or = 3.9 mmol/L for > or = 7 h in most young adults with GSD-I.