The American journal of clinical nutrition
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Cachexia is common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is thought to be linked to an enhanced systemic inflammatory response. ⋯ In COPD patients, who are characterized by an elevated systemic inflammatory response, cachexia is not discriminatory for the extent of increase in inflammatory status. This study, however, indicates a potential influence of genetic predisposition on the cachexia process.
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Most population studies have reported weak or nonsignificant associations between body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2) and lung function. ⋯ Total body fat and central adiposity are inversely associated with lung function, but increased FFM reflecting increases in muscle mass is associated with increased lung function and lower odds of low FEV1:FVC in the elderly.
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The adverse effects of poor nutrition on the bones of young Asian women have not been fully elucidated. ⋯ Low calcium intake (based on low BMD of the femoral neck only) and mild hyperparathyroidism (based on low BMD of both the femoral neck and lumbar spine), partly explained by low vitamin D nutrition and a low calcium intake, are important predictors of low BMD in young Japanese women. Effects of poor nutrition and mild hyperparathyroidism on bone peak bone mass in young women should be further investigated in longitudinal studies.