The American journal of clinical nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Growth, bone mass, and vitamin D status of Chinese adolescent girls 3 y after withdrawal of milk supplementation.
A 2-y school milk intervention trial showed that 330 mL of a dietary milk supplement (fortified with calcium alone or with both calcium and vitamin D) enhanced the growth and bone mineral accretion of Chinese girls aged 10 y at baseline. Girls who received milk fortified with both calcium and vitamin D also had better vitamin D status than did girls who received nothing or girls who received milk fortified only with calcium. ⋯ Milk supplementation during early puberty does not have long-lasting effects on bone mineral accretion.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A double-blind, randomized, clinical trial of the effect of vitamin A and zinc supplementation on diarrheal disease and respiratory tract infections in children in Mexico City, Mexico.
The efficacy of micronutrient supplementation in improving childhood health and survival in developing countries may be specific to the micronutrient used and health outcome measured. ⋯ Vitamin A increases diarrheal disease and respiratory tract infections in young children in periurban areas of Mexico City. Vitamin A and zinc have more heterogeneous effects in different subgroups of children.
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Homocysteine concentrations are influenced by vitamin status and genetics, especially several polymorphisms in folate-metabolizing genes. ⋯ Folate and tHcy concentrations were not affected individually by the MTHFR 1298A-->C, RFC1 80G-->A, or GCPII 1561C-->T polymorphisms or by combinations of the MTHFR 677C-->T and MTHFR 1298A-->C genotypes. An interaction between the MTHFR 677TT and RFC1 80GG genotypes was observed whereby persons with this combination had higher serum tHcy.